Genotyping of Streptococcus agalactiae strains isolated from fish, human and cattle and their virulence potential in Nile tilapia

Pereira, Ulisses de Pádua; Mian, Gláucia Frasnelli; Oliveira, Ivi Cristina Menezes de; Benchetrit, Leslie C.; Costa, Geraldo Márcio da; Figueiredo, Henrique César Pereira

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.07.025

Cited by 111 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…There is an increasing body of evidence that describes the presence and virulence of human and bovine GBS isolates in teleosts (Delannoy et al, 2013;Evans et al, 2008;Evans et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2013a;Pereira et al, 2010;Suanyuk et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genomic diversity of GBS at the local scale has been analysed using a wide range of traditional and DNA based methods, including ribotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) and multiplex PCR; restriction enzymes and specific primers are used to characterise individual loci, or unknown regions of the genome (Brochet et al, 2006;Maiden et al, 1998;Pereira et al, 2010). These techniques give maximal variation within the population but often suffer from poor reproducibility of the result between laboratories, lack of discriminating power to differentiate between isolates, and they are unable to quantitatively measure the genetic variability among isolates.…”

Section: Genomic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent research conducted in Brazil has studied the genetic profile of GBS strains isolated from Nile tilapia, human and cattle using PFGE (Pereira et al, 2010). While, it has been shown that human and bovine strains belong to genetically distinct lineages Evans et al, 2008;Sukhnanand et al, 2005), other reports showed that isolates from human and bovines shared similar genetic profile by PFGE suggesting a common origin (Bisharat et al, 2004;Martinez et al, 2000;Oliveira et al, 2006).…”

Section: Pulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis (Pfge)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, tilapia has been shown to be susceptible also to GBS bovine isolates, with infected fish exhibiting characteristic meningoencephalitis (Pereira et al, 2010). In Thailand a rare genotype belonging to a subtype of serotype III (III-4) previously identified among invasive human isolates in Hong Kong (Suanyuk et al, 2008) was isolated from Nile tilapia (O. niloticus).…”

Section: Mature Macrophages and Granulocytes From Queensland Groupermentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the origin of Group B Streptococcus from disease outbreaks in wild marine fish in Australia

Deboutteville¹

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Since 2007, 96 wild Queensland groupers, Epinephelus lanceolatus, were found dead from Karumba (Gulf of Carpentaria) in Northern Territory to Brisbane in southern Queensland, Australia. In twelve cases, Streptoccocus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) was isolated in pure culture from eyes and internal organs. GBS has been also isolated from other marine species (Javelin grunter, Giant catfish and Squaretail mullet) and caused an outbreak in three species of wild stingrays (Eastern shovelnose ray, Mangrove whipray and Estuary ray) in a public aquarium also in Queensland. These findings have raised public and industry concern over threats to human health from potential transmission between fish and humans, over environmental impacts on other aquatic animals, and over the potential threat posed to the growing Australian aquaculture industry in which, to date, there have been no reported cases of this disease in spite of the devastation caused to the industry overseas. Therefore, my thesis set out to determine whether GBS isolated from dead wild fish in Australia is indeed virulent in Queensland grouper and causative of mortality, to try to identify from where these infections in wild fish originated, to determine potential risk to human health and to other aquatic animals, and to begin to identify mechanisms by which these Australian isolates may cause fatal disease in Queensland grouper. This information may be employed in future risk assessment of potential human transfer, in mitigating further outbreaks in wild fish through understanding origin of infection, and in future development of preventative measures such as vaccination for farmed fish.In order to confirm that S. agalactiae was the cause of the mortality in wild fish, experimental challenges were conducted by injection, immersion and through the oral route. To better understand why these strains of GBS are pathogenic in fish, we conducted a series of cellular immune assays using juvenile Queensland grouper head-kidney leucocytes in the presence of different piscine and terrestrial isolates. Whole-genome sequencing analysis of the piscine and terrestrial isolates provided information on potential origin and potential for transfer between species, and also informed us on critical virulence factors that could be used during pathogenesis of GBS. Moreover, genome analysis gave intriguing insight into the evolution and adaption of GBS to fish as a host and to life in the aquatic environment. To determine putative origin of GBS in wild fish in Australia, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and capsular polysaccharide (CPS) were derived from whole-genome sequences and revealed that all piscine isolates from Australia were serotype Ib and fell into ST-261 lineage first identified in 1986 from Tilapia in Israel. Overseas, ST-261 has only been found in fish and poikilotherm animals, and has never been associated with humans. High similarity and identical point mutations in the capsular operon of the piscine isolates suggests a common source of infection...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genomic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis (Pfge)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mature Macrophages and Granulocytes From Queensland Groupermentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the origin of Group B Streptococcus from disease outbreaks in wild marine fish in Australia

Deboutteville¹

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“…This cross-species transmission has the potential to infect many animals, therefore it is important to determine the dominant conserved epitopes that immune cells respond to, and target these for vaccines. By examining GBS genomes isolated from several species, and identifying a panel of conserved antigenic proteins, there is potential to develop a cross-reactive vaccine (Pereira et al, 2010). However, an effective cross-reactive, long term protective vaccine against S. agalactiae has not yet been established.…”

Section: Streptococcus Agalactiaementioning

confidence: 99%

Immune defence mechanisms of barramundi (Lates calcarifer) peripheral blood against Streptococci

Masterman¹

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IMMUNE DEFENCE MECHANISMS OF BARRAMUNDI (Lates calcarifer) PERIPHERAL BLOOD AGAINST STREPTOCOCCIAquaculture now supplies more than half of the fish used for human consumption and is a major contributor to global food security. As aquaculture growth must be sustained to continue to supply increasing population-driven demand for food fish, efficiency must be increased. In spite of major inroads in disease control through mass vaccination of farm fish, bacterial diseases continue to cause substantial losses, particularly in tropical and warmtemperate regions where aquaculture is expanding fastest. To develop new vaccines, and improve existing vaccines for effective disease control in these regions, an improved understanding of the mechanisms of pathogen immune evasion and dissemination within the host may identify new vaccine targets. Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus iniae are significant pathogens of warm and temperate farmed and wild fish. Both have a broad host range, express a polysaccharide capsule as a major virulence determinant and cause similar pathologies characterized by rapid sepsis, followed by meningitis and death. S. iniae causes significant mortality in barramundi, Lates calcarifer. Interestingly, S. agalactiae ST261, although causing mortality in wild fish along the Queensland coast, does not appear to cause mortality in barramundi farmed in close proximity. This difference provides a basis for comparison, in order to explore the requirements for blood colonization and sepsis by S. iniae in barramundi, and to increase our understanding of sepsis in fish.S. iniae grew rapidly in barramundi blood, doubling in less than 30 minutes in a whole blood bactericidal assay. In contrast, S. agalactiae was unable to multiply. Moreover, E. coli DH5 was completely killed in barramundi blood during the same incubation period, suggesting 3 that antibacterial humoral and cellular immune defences were functional within the blood bactericidal model. A capsular defective strain of S. iniae also survived in the bloodbactericidal assay, however the rapid proliferation was reduced, suggesting that while the capsule is important for bacterial colonisation it is not the only means used to evade bloodborne defences. As gram-positive pathogens are particularly susceptible to lysozyme due to the dominance of muramic acids in the cell wall, the role of lysozyme was investigated.Lysozyme levels in barramundi serum and plasma were undetectable in a lysis assay using Micrococcus lysodeitikus, indicating very low levels of circulating lysozyme in healthy barramundi.The first responder immune cells in blood are neutrophils and these are critical in the prevention of sepsis; for example, granulocytopenia (circulating granulocyte deficiency) is associated with increased susceptibility to Escherichia coli K1 and Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis in neonates, and this can be partially repaired by injection of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to increase neutrophil numbers (Deshmukh et al., 2014). This critic...

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Intracoelomic‐ and Intramuscular‐Injection Challenge Model of Piscine Streptococcosis in White Sturgeon Fingerlings

2020

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Streptococcus iniae is a zoonotic pathogen and one of the major aetiologic agents of streptococcosis. In White Sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus, S. iniae infection typically presents as a necrotizing and heterophilic myositis, causing 30–50% mortality in infected fish. To gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of streptococcosis in White Sturgeon, and to identify the experimental route of infection that most closely mimics the natural disease, fingerlings were challenged with a single dose of 1.3 × 108 cells/fish of S. iniae that was administered via intracoelomic/intraperitoneal (IC) or intramuscular (IM) routes. Acute mortalities were present only in the IM‐challenged fish, with first mortality occurring 4 d postchallenge and the mortality rate reaching 18.3% after 9 d. The challenged fish presented erratic swimming, ulcerative skin lesions, and hemorrhages in the liver and swim bladder. Streptococcus iniae was recovered from the kidney and brain tissues of moribund and dead fish. Histopathologic analysis of fish that died acutely revealed massive proliferation of bacteria in the muscle at the injection site and within vascular organs such as the heart and spleen, with variable amounts of tissue necrosis including a necrotizing myositis. Fish that died closer to 9 d postchallenge demonstrated more pronounced multifocal to locally extensive granulomatous inflammation of skeletal muscle at the injection site, liver, kidney, and spleen. No mortality, clinical signs, or gross changes were observed in the control or IC‐challenged fish. Postmortem evaluation of 10 survivors in each treatment was performed to determine carrier status in the brain and posterior kidney tissues. The prevalence of S. iniae in survivors was 10% and 0% in the IM‐ and IC‐challenged groups, respectively. The results from this study suggest that IM‐injection challenge methods are suitable for inducing streptococcosis in White Sturgeon, and they may be the preferred method for studying the pathogenesis of the naturally occurring disease in this species.

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Genotyping of Streptococcus agalactiae strains isolated from fish, human and cattle and their virulence potential in Nile tilapia

Cited by 111 publications

References 27 publications

On the origin of Group B Streptococcus from disease outbreaks in wild marine fish in Australia

On the origin of Group B Streptococcus from disease outbreaks in wild marine fish in Australia

Immune defence mechanisms of barramundi (Lates calcarifer) peripheral blood against Streptococci

Intracoelomic‐ and Intramuscular‐Injection Challenge Model of Piscine Streptococcosis in White Sturgeon Fingerlings

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