Genotyping of single spore isolates of a<i>Pasteuria penetrans</i>population occurring in Florida using SNP-based markers

Joseph, Soumi; Schmidt, Liesbeth M.; Danquah, Wiseborn B.; Timper, Patricia; Mekete, Tesfamariam

doi:10.1111/jam.13345

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(49 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Importantly, we treated parasite sources identically from the point of collection, including during attachment assays, as conditions at this stage are known to influence attachment (Chen & Dickson, 1998). Thus, we expect that the differences among parasite sources derive in part from variation in their genetic composition, consistent with prior surveys of P. penetrans (Joseph et al, 2017;Stirling, 1985;Trudgill et al, 2000). We observed less variation among parasite sources than among host lines (Figure 1 vs. 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

A diverse parasite pool can improve effectiveness of biological control constrained by genotype‐by‐genotype interactions

Mundim

Gibson

2022

Evolutionary Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The outcomes of biological control programs can be highly variable, with natural enemies often failing to establish or spread in pest populations. This variability has posed a major obstacle in use of the bacterial parasite Pasteuria penetrans for biological control of Meloidogyne species, economically devastating plant‐parasitic nematodes for which there are limited management options. A leading hypothesis for this variability in control is that infection is successful only for specific combinations of bacterial and nematode genotypes. Under this hypothesis, failure of biological control results from the use of P. penetrans genotypes that cannot infect local Meloidogyne genotypes. We tested this hypothesis using isofemale lines of M. arenaria derived from a single field population and multiple sources of P. penetrans from the same and nearby fields. In strong support of the hypothesis, susceptibility to infection depended on the specific combination of host line and parasite source, with lines of M. arenaria varying substantially in which P. penetrans source could infect them. In light of this result, we tested whether using a diverse pool of P. penetrans could increase infection and thereby control. We found that increasing the diversity of the P. penetrans inoculum from one to eight sources more than doubled the fraction of M. arenaria individuals susceptible to infection and reduced variation in susceptibility across host lines. Together, our results highlight genotype‐by‐genotype specificity as an important cause of variation in biological control and call for the maintenance of genetic diversity in natural enemy populations.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

A diverse parasite pool can improve effectiveness of biological control constrained by genotype‐by‐genotype interactions

Mundim

Gibson

2022

Evolutionary Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, a single population of P. penetrans contains a diversity of genotypes that vary in their host specificity (Davies, Redden, & Pearson, 1994;Joseph, Schmidt, Danquah, Timper, & Mekete, 2017;Timper, 2009). Extensive study of P. ramosa, a related parasite of the cladoceran Daphnia magna, indicates that high host specificity may be a feature of this genus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, when populations of M. incognita in Ecuador were challenged with a single population of P. penetrans , the frequency at which endospores attached to the cuticles of hosts from different populations ranged from <10% to >90% (Trudgill et al, ). In addition, a single population of P. penetrans contains a diversity of genotypes that vary in their host specificity (Davies, Redden, & Pearson, ; Joseph, Schmidt, Danquah, Timper, & Mekete, ; Timper, ). Extensive study of P. ramosa, a related parasite of the cladoceran Daphnia magna , indicates that high host specificity may be a feature of this genus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid change in host specificity in a field population of the biological control organism Pasteuria penetrans

Liu

Gibson

Timper³

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In biological control, populations of both the biological control agent and the pest have the potential to evolve and even to coevolve. This feature marks the most powerful and unpredictable aspect of biological control strategies. In particular, evolutionary change in host specificity of the biological control agent could increase or decrease its efficacy. Here, we tested for change in host specificity in a field population of the biological control organism Pasteuria penetrans . Pasteuria penetrans is an obligate parasite of the plant parasitic nematodes Meloidogyne spp., which are major agricultural pests. From 2013 through 2016, we collected yearly samples of P. penetrans from eight plots in a field infested with M. arenaria . Plots were planted either with peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) or with a rotation of peanut and soybean ( Glycine max ). To detect temporal change in host specificity, we tested P. penetrans samples annually for their ability to attach to (and thereby infect) four clonal lines of M. arenaria . After controlling for temporal variation in parasite abundance, we found that P. penetrans from each of the eight plots showed temporal variation in their attachment specificity to the clonal host lines. The trajectories of change in host specificity were largely unique to each plot. This result suggests that local forces, at the level of individual plots, drive change in specificity. We hypothesize that coevolution with local M. arenaria hosts may be one such force. Lastly, we observed an overall reduction in attachment rate with samples from rotation plots relative to samples from peanut plots. This result may reflect lower abundance of P. penetrans under crop rotation, potentially due to suppressed density of host nematodes. As a whole, the results show local change in specificity on a yearly basis, consistent with evolution of a biological control organism in its ability to infect and suppress its target pest.

show abstract

“…A single spore line (SS 17) of P. penetrans was obtained from University of Florida (Joseph et al, 2017). Spores of P. penetrans were produced by inoculating 200 J2s attached with an average of 2 to 5 spores/ J2 onto four-week-old eggplant seedlings.…”

Section: Pasteuria Penetrans Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Root-Knot Nematodes to Pasteuria Penetrans

Chang

Timper

2019

Journal of Nematology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pasteuria penetrans is an obligate parasite of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Endospores of P. penetrans attach to the cuticle of second-stage juveniles (J2) and complete their life cycle within the nematode female body. Infected females will be filled with spores and will be sterilized. Studies with Daphnia magna and its parasite Pasteuria ramosa showed that a poor maternal environment can lead to offspring resistant to P. ramosa. Therefore, we hypothesized that Meloidogyne arenaria females raised under a stressed environment would produce offspring that were more resistant to P. penetrans. Females were exposed to a stressed environment created by crowding and low-food supply, or a non-stressed environment and their offspring evaluated for endospore attachment and infection by P. penetrans. No difference in spore attachment was observed between the two treatments. However, infection rate of P. penetrans in the stressed treatment was significantly lower than that in the non-stressed treatment (8 vs 18%). Mothers raised under stressed conditions appeared to produce more resistant offspring than did mothers raised under favorable conditions. Under stressful conditions, M. arenaria mothers may provide their progeny with enhanced survival traits. In the field, when nematode populations are not managed, they often reach the carrying capacity of their host plant by the end of the season. This study suggests that the next generation of inoculum may be more resistant to infection by P. penetrans.

show abstract

Genotyping of single spore isolates of aPasteuria penetranspopulation occurring in Florida using SNP-based markers

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

A diverse parasite pool can improve effectiveness of biological control constrained by genotype‐by‐genotype interactions

A diverse parasite pool can improve effectiveness of biological control constrained by genotype‐by‐genotype interactions

Rapid change in host specificity in a field population of the biological control organism Pasteuria penetrans

Maternal Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Root-Knot Nematodes to Pasteuria Penetrans

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About