Genotyping of pathogenic Acanthamoebae isolated from clinical samples in Greece—Report of a clinical isolate presenting T5 genotype

Spanakos, Gregory; Tzanetou, Konstantina; Miltsakakis, Dimitrios; Patsoula, Eleni; Malamou-Lada, Eleni; Vakalis, Nicholas

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2005.12.001

Cited by 54 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In previous 18S rDNA-based reports, the genotype T4 was predominant (~85%) (Boggild et al, 2009;Booton et al, 2009;Ledee et al, 2003;Lorenzo-Morales et al, 2010;Schroeder et al, 2001;Zhao et al, 2010). However, in Greece, the genotypes T2, T3, T5, T6, and T11 have been identified (Spanakos et al, 2006) and in Slovakia and the Czech Republic the genotypes T15, T4, and T3 were detected in AK (Nagyová et al, 2010). In Italy, 25% of the global Acanthamoeba keratitis isolates were identified as T15 (Di Cave et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Rapid detection and simultaneous molecular profile characterization of Acanthamoeba infections

Goldschmidt

Degorge

Benallaoua

et al. 2012

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diagnosis of Acanthamoeba by microscopic examination, culture, and polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) has several limitations (sensitivity, specificity, lack of detection of several strains, cost of testing for discrimination among strains). We developed a new high-resolution melting real-time PCR (HRM) to detect and characterize Acanthamoeba infections. HRM performances were evaluated with strains from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and with 20 corneal scrapings. The DNA extracted from specimens were amplified, detected, and characterized in 1 run using 2 original primers diluted in a solution containing an intercalating dye. Detection and molecular characterization of Acanthamoeba infections could be achieved in less than 2.5 h with a dramatic reduction in cost of reactants (postamplification procedures and radioactive or fluorescentlabeled molecular probes were unnecessary). HRM detection limits were 0.1 cyst/μL or less (including genotypes T5 and T11), and its sensitivity and specificity were higher than other molecular tests. For the tested strains from the ATCC, the HRM drafted 4 different profiles: Type I (genotypes T2 and T4), Type II (T5 and T7), Type III (T8), and Type IV (T1, T3, T6, T9, T11, T12, and T13).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Rapid detection and simultaneous molecular profile characterization of Acanthamoeba infections

Goldschmidt

Degorge

Benallaoua

et al. 2012

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, studies comparing the T4 and T5 genotypes for resistance to multipurpose solutions, curiously, showed that the T5 genotype has a higher resistance (Hiti et al 2002;Shoff et al 2007). Only isolates of the T2, T3, T4, T6, T11 (Walo- (Spanakos et al 2006;Iovieno et al 2010) genotypes have been associated with keratitis. The T4 genotype is found in 90% of the cases of AK and is the most prevalent genotype found in clinical and environmental samples (Yu et al 2004;Molmeret et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Acanthamoeba to multipurpose lens-cleaning solutions

Aguiar

Silveira

Winck

et al. 2013

Acta Parasitologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study investigated the susceptibility of Acanthamoeba spp. trophozoites to two multipurpose systems for cleaning and maintenance of contact lenses. Three strains of trophozoites from the ATCC (A. castellani T4, A. castellani Neff, and A. polyphaga) and two Acanthamoeba isolates obtained from swimming pools (PT5 and PO1) were placed in monoxenic culture. To test their survival in cleaning solutions for contact lenses, the trophozoites were exposed for 4 and 24 h to two multipurpose solutions (A and B), and were then inoculated into a new monoxenic culture. Amoebic growth on the plates was observed after 72 h of incubation. Trophozoites from all three ATCC strains and one isolate from a swimming pool (PO1) grew in all plates after 4 h of exposure to solutions A and B. After 24 h, the ATCC strains and the PO1 isolate showed growth in most of the plates treated. Only the PT5 isolate showed susceptibility to both solutions over the time intervals tested. The two solutions were not completely effective against most strains and isolates over the time intervals tested. These results are important, since species of Acanthamoeba are widely distributed in the environment and are potential agents of eye pathologies.

show abstract

“…The high proportion of Rns genotype T4 strains has been described as the main factor responsible for Acanthamoeba keratitis infections in many countries, i.e. in France (8/11, plus additional recent data) [24,25], in Greece (4/5) [12], in Hong Kong (12/13) [26], and in the UK and Iran (17/24) [8], thus providing further support to the evidence that the T4 genotype plays a prominent role in the epidemiology of AK human infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high proportion of T4 Acanthamoeba associated with keratitis could be attributed to its greater virulence and wide spreading in the environment with respect to other genotypes [8]. At present, also the T2, T3, T5, T6, and T11 genotypes have been associated with AK [3,[8][9][10][11][12]. The other genotypes have been found related to non-AK infections and/or environmental sources [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acanthamoeba T4 and T15 genotypes associated with keratitis infections in Italy

Cave

Monno

Bottalico

et al. 2008

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thus far there is little data available concerning Acanthamoeba associated amoebic keratitis (AK) from Italy. In order to understand the incidence of Acanthamoeba in patients with ocular infections and to characterize the isolates at the molecular level, ocular specimens and contact lenses or lens case solutions from 140 patients were analysed by culture and by an 18S rRNA (Rns) genebased PCR method. Nineteen (13.6%) patients showed Acanthamoeba culture positive samples. Eleven out of the 14 genetically characterized isolates were assigned to the T4 genotype. Three isolates, two of them from patients with keratitis responding to specific anti-Acanthamoeba therapy, were identified as belonging to the T15 genotype. This finding represents the first association between the T15 genotype and human amoebic keratitis. PCR amplification of the 18S ribosomal DNA proved to be a sensitive method, potentially able to detect Acanthamoeba without the need of long culture incubation, and thus considerably useful for clinical applications.

show abstract

Genotyping of pathogenic Acanthamoebae isolated from clinical samples in Greece—Report of a clinical isolate presenting T5 genotype

Cited by 54 publications

References 16 publications

Rapid detection and simultaneous molecular profile characterization of Acanthamoeba infections

Rapid detection and simultaneous molecular profile characterization of Acanthamoeba infections

Susceptibility of Acanthamoeba to multipurpose lens-cleaning solutions

Acanthamoeba T4 and T15 genotypes associated with keratitis infections in Italy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About