Genotyping of Acanthamoeba isolated from water in recreational areas of Tehran, Iran

Nazar, Mahdieh; Haghighi, Ali; Niyyati, Maryam; Eftekhar, M; Tahvildar-Biderouni, Farid; Taghipour, Niloofar; Abadi, Ashraf H.; Nazemalhosseini‐Mojarad, Ehsan; Athari, A

doi:10.2166/wh.2011.152

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition, Niyyati found T4, T5, and T11 genotypes in hospital dust (9). All stagnant water samples belonged to T4 genotypes, which is in agreement with the results of previous studies (23,24). Maghsood et al also reported Acanthamoeba T4 and T2 genotypes in clinical isolates (25).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Molecular Identification and Genotyping of Acanthamoeba Isolated from Environmental Sources in Kashan, Central Iran

Golestani

Rasti

Hooshyar

et al. 2018

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Acanthamoeba is one of the most common opportunistic free-living amoebae, with ubiquitous presence in various environmental sources. Pathogenic strains of Acanthamoeba are the causative agents of amoebic keratitis and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to identify Acanthamoeba genotypes in soil, hospital dust, and stagnant water samples from Kashan, Central Iran. Methods: In this cross sectional study, a total of 122 samples from soil (n, 32), hospital dust (n, 40), and stagnant water (n, 50) were collected and examined for the presence of free-living amoebae and Acanthamoeba species. All the samples were cultured onto non-nutrient agar plates for detection of free-living amoebae. Acanthamoeba species was identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, using specific primers. A total of 29 Acanthamoeba isolates were sequenced, and different genotypes were detected via sequence analysis. Results:The results showed that 82.8% (101/122) of samples were positive for free-living amoebae. The PCR assay revealed that 62.5%, 52.5%, and 50% of soil, hospital dust, and stagnant water samples were positive for Acanthamoeba species, respectively. Moreover, T4, T5, T2, T7, and T11 genotypes were identified. The most common genotype was T4 (76%), isolated from stagnant water. Conclusions: Acanthamoeba is a prevalent species in the soil, hospital dust, and stagnant water of Kashan. As this protozoon can cause severe infections, health education and improvement of sanitation services are recommended for prevention of infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Molecular Identification and Genotyping of Acanthamoeba Isolated from Environmental Sources in Kashan, Central Iran

Golestani

Rasti

Hooshyar

et al. 2018

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…In addition, the majority of human infections (keratitis, non-keratitis infections such as Acanthamoeba granulomatous encephalitis and cutaneous infections) due to Acanthamoeba have been associated with the T4 genotype (Tanveer et al, 2013). T5 genotype was the second most prevalent genotype of Acanthamoeba in our study which is similar to the result that is owed from recreational areas (Nazar 2011). What is of particular interest is that it has shown that one out of five keratitis patients is infected by T5 genotype (Spanakos et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Isolation and identification of pathogenic free-living amoeba from surface and tap water of Shiraz City using morphological and molecular methods

2015

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Free-living amoebae (FLA) are the most abundant and widely distributed protozoa in the environment. An investigation was conducted to determine the presence of free-living amoebae (FLA), Acanthamoeba and Vermamoeba in waterfronts of parks and squares and tap water of Shiraz City, Iran. FLA are considered pathogenic for human. These ubiquitous organisms have been isolated from different environments such as water, soil, and air. Eighty-two water samples were collected from different places of Shiraz City during the summer of 2013. All samples were processed in Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, Iran. Samples were screened for FLA and identified by morphological characters in the cultures, PCR amplification targeting specific genes for each genus and sequencing determined frequent species and genotypes base on NCBI database. Overall, 48 samples were positive for Acanthamoeba and Vermamoeba in non-nutrient agar culture based on morphological characteristics. The PCR examination was done successfully. Sequencing results were revealed T4 (62.96 %) genotypes as the most common genotype of Acanthamoeba in the Shiraz water sources. In addition, T5 (33.33 %) and T15 (3.71 %) were isolated from water supplies. Vermamoeba vermiformis was known the dominant species from this genus. The high frequency of Acanthamoeba spp. and Vermamoeba in different environmental water sources of Shiraz is an alert for the public health related to water sources. The result highlights a need for taking more attention to water supplies in order to prevent illnesses related to free-living amoebae.

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“…According to the literature, genotype T4 is the most common and predominant genotype amongst all the known genotypes (T1-T20) of Acanthamoeba spp. found in the environment (Landell et al, 2013;Nazar et al, 2011;Rahdar et al, 2012). Genotype T4 is also reported as the most pathogenic and prevalent genotype amongst all the known genotypes associated with amoebic keratitis infections (Arnalich-Montiel et al, 2014;Booton et al, 2002;Ledee et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping of Acanthamoeba spp. and characterization of the prevalent T4 type along with T10 and unassigned genotypes from amoebic keratitis patients in India

Behera

Panda

Satpathy

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Free-living amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba are the causative agents of severe sightthreatening infection of the cornea. This study was designed to characterize the genotype of 20 Acanthamoeba spp. isolates obtained from corneal scrapings of 183 suspected Acanthamoeba keratitis patients reporting to the Outpatient Department/Casualty Services of Dr R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India during the period 2011-2015. Corneal scrapings were inoculated onto 2 % non-nutrient agar plates overlaid with Escherichia coli and incubated at 30 8C for 15 days. Amongst 183 suspected Acanthamoeba keratitis patients, 29 were found culture-positive for Acanthamoeba spp. out of which 20 samples were established in axenic culture for molecular analysis. DNA was isolated and PCR assay was performed for the amplification of the diagnostic fragment 3 (DF3) (,280 bp) region of the 18S rRNA gene from axenic culture of 20 Acanthamoeba spp. isolates. Rns genotyping was performed on the basis of variation in nucleotide sequences of the DF3 region of the 18S rRNA gene. In the phylogenetic analysis, 16 of the 20 isolates were found to be of prevalent genotype T4, two were of genotype T10 and the remaining two isolates were of unassigned genotypes. Hence, it was concluded that genotype T4 was found as the most predominant genotype involved in Acanthamoeba keratitis infections. Genotype T10, which had not been reported from India, was detected for the first time in two patients. Two isolates were found to be unique, which shared ,95 % homology with all the known genotypes (T1-T20) of Acanthamoeba spp.

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Genotyping of Acanthamoeba isolated from water in recreational areas of Tehran, Iran

Cited by 28 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular Identification and Genotyping of Acanthamoeba Isolated from Environmental Sources in Kashan, Central Iran

Molecular Identification and Genotyping of Acanthamoeba Isolated from Environmental Sources in Kashan, Central Iran

Isolation and identification of pathogenic free-living amoeba from surface and tap water of Shiraz City using morphological and molecular methods

Genotyping of Acanthamoeba spp. and characterization of the prevalent T4 type along with T10 and unassigned genotypes from amoebic keratitis patients in India

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