Genotyping and sero-virological characterization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in blood donors, Southern Ethiopia

Ambachew, Henock; Zheng, Meijuan; Pappoe, Faustina; Shen, Jilong; Xu, Yuanhong

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0193177

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Nucleic acid tests (NATs) have now become a popular method to detect HBV in blood in the chronic phase of HBV infection including the window period as well as OBI [13]. Nested-PCR [14], real-time PCR [15], and loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (LAMP) [16, 17] are commonly used NATs for HBV detection. Generally nested-PCR with tedious operation and easy to cross contamination is definitely not suitable for rapid clinical diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid and sensitive recombinase aided amplification assay to detect hepatitis B virus without DNA extraction

et al. 2019

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Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the major public health problem worldwide. In clinical practice, serological and molecular assays are the most commonly used diagnostic methods to detect HBV infection in clinical practices. Methods Here we present a rapid and sensitive recombinase aided amplification assay (RAA) to detect HBV at 39.0 °C for 30 min without DNA extraction from serum samples. The analytical sensitivity of RAA assay was 100 copies per reaction and showed no cross reaction with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). The universality of RAA assay was validated by testing of 41 archived serum samples with predefined HBV genotypes (B, C and D). Results A total of 130 archived suspected HBV infected serum samples were detected by commercial qPCR with DNA extraction and RAA assay without DNA extraction (heat-treatment). Compared with qPCR assay as a reference, the RAA assay obtained 95.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity and a kappa value of 0.818. Conclusions We developed a rapid, convenient, highly sensitive and specific method to detect HBV without DNA extraction in clinical samples. This RAA method of HBV detection is very suitable for clinical testing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid and sensitive recombinase aided amplification assay to detect hepatitis B virus without DNA extraction

et al. 2019

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“…The country is divided into nine administrative regions and two self-administrative cities. Recent studies indicated that HBV genotype A, D, C, E, and G are common in Ethiopia [20, 21]. The Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH) has established and implemented different strategic plans to reduce the burden of HBV in the country including the provision of selective vaccination programs for those high-risk groups such as health professionals, and those working in close contact with the local population and routine screening of patients suspected of viral hepatitis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus in Ethiopia

Yazie

Tebeje

2019

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundHepatitis B virus is one of the major public health concerns globally. It is highly infectious and can be transmitted from person to person through vertically or horizontally via contaminated body fluids. Despite the provision of an effective vaccine, it remains a major problem worldwide, particularly among the developing countries.MethodsOnline electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, African Index Medicus, African Journals Online, and WHO Afro Library were searched and published articles from 2010 to June 8, 2019, were considered. Both authors independently screened articles and extracted the data. Funnel-Plots and Egger’s test statistics were used to determine the presence of small-study effects and publication bias. The pooled prevalence of HBV was analyzed using the random-effects model. The possible sources of heterogeneity was analyzed through subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression.ResultsThe overall pooled prevalence of HBV was 6% and among subgroups, pregnant women, healthcare workers, and HIV positive patients accounted for 5% for each group. Relatively low prevalence (4%) was obtained among blood donors. The Egger’s test statistics (p = 0.747) indicated the absence of publication bias. In addition, from the sensitivity analysis, there was no influence on the overall effect estimate while removing a single study at a time. The level of heterogeneity was reduced among pregnant women, HIV positive and studies with unknown sampling techniques. After conducting meta-regression, province, study group, screening method, and quality of papers were identified as sources of heterogeneity.ConclusionsThe overall pooled prevalence of HBV in Ethiopia was high. Strengthening and scaling up of the scope of the existing vaccination program and implementing novel approaches including screen-and-treat could be implemented to reduce the burden of the disease. Generally, the study can provide current prevalence estimate of HBV that could vital for intervention to tackle the disease.

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“…The prevalence of different HBV genotypes in our study subjects provides a basis to compare different parameters in a strati ed manner for various genotypes (Table 5). Patients infected with HBV genotype C exhibited a higher viral load (3.63 log IU/ml) than that reported in one study [31] but this was not true when compared with a second report [14]. When assessing HBeAg seropositivity among isolated genotypes, a signi cantly higher frequency of HBeAg positivity was noted among reported genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Considering Eritrea's proximity to highly endemic countries where diverse genotypes have been reported including Sudan [10,12,13], Ethiopia [14], and Kenya [15], establishment of the nature of HBV infection in the country becomes of paramount important. Therefore, the present work aimed to de ne the most prevalent HBV genotypes among patients with liver disease in Eritrea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes Among Patients with Liver Disease in Eritrea

Hamida¹,

Raja²,

Petros³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) is a blood-borne hepatotrophic virus and a major causative agent of liver disease. The virus is highly endemic in African countries, and five genotypes (A–E) have been identified. This study aimed to establish the most prevalent genotypes of HBV among liver disease patients from different geographical regions of Eritrea, an East African multi-ethnic country.MethodsThis study included 293 Eritrean liver disease patients who were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based serological screening and multiplex-nested PCR using type-specific primer-based genotyping were performed to determine the prevalence of genotypes in the Eritrean population.ResultsThe mean (± standard deviation) age was 41.66 ± 13.84 years; 213 (72.7%) patients were males and 80 (27.3%) were females. The median (interquartile range) of HBV DNA and alanine aminotransferase levels were 3.47 (1.66) log IU/ml and 28 (15.3) IU/L, respectively. All patients’ sera were HBsAg- and anti-HBc-total positive; 20 (6.8%) were HBeAg-positive/anti-HBe-negative, 242 (82.6%) were HBeAg-negative/anti-HBe-positive, and 31 (10.6%) had neither HBeAg nor anti-HBe according to the ELISA screening test. Of the 293 patients, only 122 (41.6%) were positive for HBV DNA, 57.38% had a single genotype, and 42.62% had a mixed HBV genotype infection. Irrespective of mode of occurrence, HBV genotype D (n = 26; 21.3%) was the predominant circulating genotype, followed by genotypes C (n = 21; 17.2%), E (n = 19; 15.6%), C/D (n = 16; 13.1%), and C/E (n = 13; 10.7%). Genotypes C/D/E (n = 9; 7.4%), A/D (n = 6; 4.9%), D/E (n = 5; 4.1%), A (n = 3; 2.5%), and B, A/E, B/E, and A/D/C (each with n = 1; 0.8%) were also present.ConclusionHBV in Eritrea is comprised of a mixture of genotypes A, B, C, D, and E separately or in combinations. Our findings demonstrated that in Eritrea, the most prevalent HBV genotype in Eritrea is genotype D among theliver disease patients with higher HBeAg positivity. This is the first study of HBV genotyping based on PCR methods in Eritrea.

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Genotyping and sero-virological characterization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in blood donors, Southern Ethiopia

Cited by 21 publications

References 52 publications

A rapid and sensitive recombinase aided amplification assay to detect hepatitis B virus without DNA extraction

A rapid and sensitive recombinase aided amplification assay to detect hepatitis B virus without DNA extraction

An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus in Ethiopia

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes Among Patients with Liver Disease in Eritrea

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