Genotypic variation in rice grown in low fertile soils and drought-prone, rainfed lowland environments

Fukai, S.; Inthapanya, P.; Blamey, F. P. C.; Khunthasuvon, S.

doi:10.1016/s0378-4290(99)00055-6

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The maximum yield achieved in individual replications of the trials presented here was 4.5 t ha -1 (Fig. 3 and 4) and the highest yields reported in the literature were also below 5 t ha -1 (Fukai 1998). Thus, the average yield potential of KDML105 in northeast Thailand and during the wet season is probably close to 4.5 t ha -1 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Internal efficiency, nutrient uptake, and the relation to field water resources in rainfed lowland rice of northeast Thailand

et al. 2006

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Rice-based (Oryza sativa L.) rainfed lowlands are the major cropping system in northeast Thailand. Average yields are low, which is generally explained by frequent drought events, low soil fertility, and poor fertilizer response. However, neither the relative importance of these factors nor their interaction is well understood. Therefore, we analyzed an existing database on fertilizer trials conducted between 1995 and 1997 at eight different sites in northeast Thailand with the objective to determine indigenous nutrient supplies, internal efficiencies, and recovery efficiencies of applied nutrients in rainfed lowland rice. Of particular interest was the effect of variety type (traditional) and water supply on these components. Comparison of N, P, and K concentrations in grain and straw (average N-P-K grain concentration of 11.0-2.7-3.4 g kg -1 ; average N-P-K straw concentration of 5.2-0.9-16.4 g kg -1 ) in the traditional-type varieties used at all trial sites with literature values showed no differences for these parameters between traditional and modern-type varieties or between irrigated and rainfed environments. In contrast, internal efficiencies of N, P, and K (average IEN: 46 kg grain per kg N uptake; IEP: 218 kg grain per kg P uptake; IEK: 25 kg grain per kg K uptake) were much lower than reported for irrigated systems, and the difference was greatest for K, which is mainly accumulated in the straw. Indigenous nutrient supply (average INS: 38 kg ha -1 ; IPS: 10 kg ha -1 ; IKS: 89 kg ha -1 ) and recovery efficiency (average REN: 0.28 kg kg -1 ; REP: 0.13 kg kg -1 ; REK: 0.49 kg kg -1 ) were low but comparable to the lower values reported from irrigated systems. Average seasonal field water resources seemed to reduce the indigenous nutrient supply but had no or little effect on internal efficiency and recovery efficiency. We concluded that the main reason for the low system productivity without and with fertilizer in northeast Thailand is the dominant use of traditional-type varieties with low harvest indices, which was the dominant cause for the observed low internal nutrient efficiency. Therefore, intensification of rainfed systems through substantially increased nutrient inputs can be recommended only where varieties with an average

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Internal efficiency, nutrient uptake, and the relation to field water resources in rainfed lowland rice of northeast Thailand

et al. 2006

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“…On-farm data with single replication per site is suited to adaptability analysis, and EI-by-treatment interaction analysis can be consistent over a number of years if certain requirements are met in a single year's trial (Hildebrand and Russell 1996;Meertens et al 2003;Fukai et al 1999;Kajiru et al 1998;Sall et al 1998). Firstly, for linear and quadratic response estimation of EI-by-treatment interaction, ten environments are recommended with four treatments in each environment (Hildebrand and Russell 1996), and the trial set-up in the current study contained ten environments with eight treatments in each environment (site).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of nitrogen fertilizer by traditional and improved rice cultivars in the Bhutan Highlands

2010

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The recovery of soil derived nitrogen (N DFS ) and fertilizer N (N DFF ) was investigated in highland rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields in Bhutan, characterized by high inputs of farmyard manure (FYM). The effect of 60 kg N ha −1 (60 N) applied in two splits to a traditional and an improved cultivar, popular among the farmers, was investigated using the 15 N isotope dilution technique. No differences were found between cultivars with respect to the uptake of N DFS and N DFF , but the improved cultivar yielded 27% more (P≤0.05) grain compared with the traditional cultivar. This was largely due to its greater harvest index (HI). The mean percentage recovery of fertilizer N (REN) applied at 45 days after transplanting (DAT) was 34% compared to 22% at 7 DAT, resulting in 56% greater uptake of N DFF at 45 DAT. The overall REN for both the improved and the traditional cultivars were 25.7% and 30% respectively, with no difference between cultivars, but REN decreased with increasing FYM inputs. Fertilizer N recommendations that allow for previous FYM inputs combined with applications timed to coincide with maximum crop demand (45 DAT), and the use of improved cultivars, could enhance N fertilizer recoveries (REN) and increase rice yields in the Bhutan Highlands.

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“…It was not possible based on our study design to separate the effects of root depth and yield potential on panicle weight. However, several previous studies have shown the dominant effects of potential growth on the yield under drought (Fukai et al 1999a;Kato et al 2006c;Pantuwan et al 2002;Romyen et al 1998). Phenology and recovery growth (biomass production between the end of stress and maturity) were also related to grain yield under stress in previous studies (Fukai and Cooper 1995;Kato et al 2006c), but there was a poor relationship between panicle weight and these traits in the present study.…”

Section: Plant Water Relations and Cultivar Variation Under Rootrestrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the resistance of six rice cultivars to drought: restriction of deep rooting and the use of raised beds

2007

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Soil water deficits reduce rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity under upland field conditions. In this study, we constructed screening facilities to evaluate the performance of rice cultivars under drought conditions and to assess the roles of deep roots. Two experiments were conducted with six rice cultivars, including drought-tolerant and drought-susceptible cultivars, grown in two root environments: a rootrestricted treatment that restricted rooting depth with water-permeable sheets, and a raised bed that reduced water availability in the surface soil by inserting a gravel layer between the topsoil and subsoil layers to interrupt capillary transport of water. In the rootrestricted treatment, in which root growth was restricted to the surface 25-cm layer, leaf water potential decreased faster in cultivars with a large canopy during drought stress, and there was little difference in panicle weight among cultivars. With a normal (unrestricted) root environment, the deepestrooting cultivar ('IRAT109') maintained higher leaf water potential during drought, although panicle weight under drought stress was affected by yield potential as well as by deep rooting. Under the intermittent drought stress in the raised bed, deeprooting cultivars accumulated more nitrogen and produced more biomass, and the difference in panicle weight between deep-rooting drought-tolerant and shallow-rooting drought-susceptible cultivars was magnified by the raised bed compared with the yield differences under drought in a normal root environment. These results demonstrate that the drought screening facilities we developed can help to identify superior cultivars under upland field conditions without time-consuming measurement of deep root systems.

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Genotypic variation in rice grown in low fertile soils and drought-prone, rainfed lowland environments

Cited by 41 publications

References 22 publications

Internal efficiency, nutrient uptake, and the relation to field water resources in rainfed lowland rice of northeast Thailand

Internal efficiency, nutrient uptake, and the relation to field water resources in rainfed lowland rice of northeast Thailand

Recovery of nitrogen fertilizer by traditional and improved rice cultivars in the Bhutan Highlands

Evaluating the resistance of six rice cultivars to drought: restriction of deep rooting and the use of raised beds

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