Genotypic Variation and Relationships between Quality Traits and Trace Elements in Traditional and Improved Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

Abstract

In this study, we assessed the extent of genotypic differences among rice genotypes for grain size, milling quality, cooking properties, protein, and the mineral contents of Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu in unpolished rice varieties. Further, relationship among grain quality traits and mineral contents was determined. The results showed that the visible difference could be found in the mineral contents among rice genotypes studied. The contents of Fe and Zn in traditional genotypes were significantly higher than those of improved cultivars. There was a negative correlation between grain yield and mineral contents. However, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu contents appeared to be positively correlated. The relationships between mineral element contents and cooking quality traits viz., kernel length after cooking and kernel linear elongation ratio were positively correlated, indicated the role of micronutrients in cooking quality traits. Both Fe and Cu contents were correlated positively and significantly with head rice recovery. The eigen values of 1st 6 principal components (PC) were > 1.0. The present study suggests that breeding for high minerals will be probably realistic.

Mapping QTLs for mineral element contents in brown and milled rice using anOryza sativa×O. rufipogonbackcross inbred line population

“…Among the 23 QTLs for grain yield traits detected by Huang et al (2008), qTNSP2, qNFGP6/qTNSP6/qSF6 and qSF9 were located in the regions for qMn2, qCu6 and qCu9, but the allelic direction for mineral contents was opposite to the yield traits. Unfavorable relationships between yield traits and grain mineral contents have also been reported in other studies (Anandan et al 2011). These suggest that O. rufipogon alleles beneficial to some traits may sometimes have deleterious effects on other traits.…”

“…Modern rice cultivars have lower mineral nutrient contents in their grains (Anandan et al 2011), because breeders have constantly pursued high yields in rice and have paid little attention to nutritional quality. Wild species of rice are highly diversified and contain genes that confer valuable qualitative and quantitative traits and thus offer an important gene pool of allelic variation for rice improvement (Tanksley and McCouch 1997).…”

Comprehensive phenotypic analysis and quantitative trait locus identification for grain mineral concentration, content, and yield in maize (Zea mays L.)

“…Moreover, mineral concentrations (e.g., Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in maize grain are relatively low when compared to animal food products (Wang et al 2003). The concentration even decreased in the past decades due to breeders selecting exclusively for grain yield but not grain quality (Fan et al 2008;Šimic et al 2009;Anandan et al 2011). Thus, since the concentration of these dietary minerals in maize grain is not sufficient to meet the dietary requirement of humans' daily intake when these foods are consumed in typical amounts, improving the mineral concentration in maize grain is of great interest.…”

Evaluating Pearl Millet (Hybrids) Genotypes for Zinc Use Efficiency through Fertilization Strategy Screening

“…This variation might be due to prolonged uptake of nutrients from soil and also due to differential ability of genotypes for absorbing and accumulating micronutrients (Anandan et al, 2011).…”