Genotypic Diversity of Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Inpatients and Outpatients

Abstract

We investigated the prevalence of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) isolated from hospitalized patients and outpatients (OP). Out of 350 staphylococcal isolates collected from three hospitals, 190 were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). These isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests, detection of mecA, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing. Among the 190 isolated CoNS, Staphylococcus epidermidis (47.3%) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (44.2%) were the most prevalent species. Other CoNS species that were isolated were Staphylococcus saprophyticus (2.1%), Staphylococcus warneri (2.1%), Staphylococcus simulans (1.6%), Staphylococcus capitis (1.1%), Staphylococcus schleiferi (1.1%), and Staphylococcus hominis (0.5%). The rate of resistance to methicillin was 60% with 58 (50%) S. epidermidis and 55 (49%) S. haemolyticus. The rate of resistance to 13 antibiotics tested with the lowest and highest to chloramphenicol and penicillin, respectively. High clonal diversity with different PFGE patterns was obtained for methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus by 32 and 31 types, respectively. Our results indicated that the dissemination of MRCoNS is widespread in Tehran. The majority of these isolates showed distinct genotyping patterns. At the same time, the common patterns were found among the MRCoNS obtained from outpatient and inpatient isolates, suggestive of an epidemiological link.

Resistance profiles and biofilm formation of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens in a tertiary care hospital in Palestine

“…On the other hand, there were significant higher rates of MR-CoNS in studies conducted in Saudi Arabia and Poland where the prevalence reached 93.6% and 98% respectively [10,39]. Yet, other studies found less prevalence of MR-CoNS in comparison to our results as from Iran (50%) [30] and India (32.7%) [28]. In this study, the resistance profile of all CoNS isolates showed complete to high resistance to most of the antibiotics tested.…”

“…Also in another recent study in Brazil, S. haemolyticus was the most prevalent species [9]. However, many studies worldwide showed S. epidermidis is the major isolated species followed by S. haemolyticus or other CoNS [10,11,[28][29][30]. These differences in CoNS species rates from the worldwide literature are depending on the country, hospital specialty, study design and setting.…”

Prevalence of MRSA and Biofilm Associated Gene among Clinical Isolates of Staphylococci

“…The prevalence of MR-CoNS among clinical isolates was found to be 58.3% (14/24). Previous studies from other parts of the world by Koksal et al, (2009), Garza-González et al, (2010 and Talebi et al, (2016) have reported 67.5%, 69% and 60% MR-CoNS respectively, which was higher than our study. In our study, S. epidermidis was the most predominant species (24.4%) from clinical isolates followed by S. saprophyticus (8.2%).…”

Antibiotic resistance, ability to form biofilm and susceptibility to copper alloys of selected staphylococcal strains isolated from touch surfaces in Polish hospital wards

“…Many CoNS strains were methicillin-resistant (as many as 65%), which greatly limits therapeutic options in the case of potential opportunistic infections that they cause, due to inapplicability of the entire group of beta-lactam antibiotics [ 29 ]. For the vast majority of isolates, phenotypic resistance was confirmed through the detection of the mec A gene.…”