Genotypic distribution of HHV-8 in AIDS individuals without and with Kaposi sarcoma

Tozetto‐Mendoza, Tânia Regina; Ibrahim, Karim Yaqub; Tateno, Adriana Fumie; Oliveira, Cristiane Mendes de; Sumita, Laura Masami; Sanchez, Maria Carmen Arroyo; Luna, Expedito; Pierrotti, Ligia Camara; Drexler, Jan Felix; Braz‐Silva, Paulo Henrique; Pannuti, Cláudio Sérgio; Romano, Camila Malta

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000005291

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…It can be easily distinguished by histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining for CD34 and LANA-1. Because the patient had lived in Brazil for 46 years, we aimed to clarify the route of infection and analyzed the VR1 region in order to identify which of the seven major genotypes of HHV-8 (A, B, C, D, E, F and Z) 4 was responsible for our patient. Unfortunately, C7 is present in both Brazil 4 and Asian countries including Japan.…”

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“…Because the patient had lived in Brazil for 46 years, we aimed to clarify the route of infection and analyzed the VR1 region in order to identify which of the seven major genotypes of HHV-8 (A, B, C, D, E, F and Z) 4 was responsible for our patient. Unfortunately, C7 is present in both Brazil 4 and Asian countries including Japan. 5 Therefore, the infection route of our patient remained unclear.…”

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Case of classic Kaposi sarcoma of the penis successfully treated with radiotherapy

Kuriyama

Shimizu

Yamada

et al. 2018

The Journal of Dermatology

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Case of classic Kaposi sarcoma of the penis successfully treated with radiotherapyDear Editor, Kaposi sarcoma (KS), first described in 1872 by Moritz Kaposi, is a multicentric angioproliferative disorder of endothelial origin. 1 The pathogenesis of KS is still uncertain, but recent data showed a strong correlation between all forms of KS and human herpesvirus (HHV)-8 infection. 2 Although the initial presentation on the penis is often observed in AIDS patients, penile KS in HIV-negative patients has rarely been reported in the published work. 3 A 65-year-old Japanese man with no history of homosexual or bisexual activity presented with asymptomatic reddish nodules on the glans penis ( Fig. 1a,b). The lesion had enlarged gradually for 4 years. There were no other skin lesions as well as urethral discharge or enlarged inguinal lymph nodes. Past medical history included only hypertension and diabetes mellitus, but no immunosuppressive drug intake or organ transplantation. He had lived in Brazil for 46 years since the age of 2. Routine laboratory investigations showed no abnormal finding and HIV-1 and -2 antibodies were negative. A histopathological examination of the nodule showed slit-like spaces filled with red blood cells and extensive proliferation of spindle-shaped cells (Fig. 1c). Immunohistochemical staining revealed positivity of the spindleshaped cells for CD31, CD34 (Fig. 1d), D2-40 ( Fig. 1e) and HHV-8 latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (LANA-1) ( Fig. 1f). Investigations for HHV-8 by real-time polymerase chain reaction using RNA extracted from the lesion revealed positive results (data not shown). Further analysis of the VR1 region of the K1 gene confirmed subtype C7 of HHV-8 (data not shown). Treatment with 4-MV X-ray radiotherapy, a total of 60 Gy, resulted in good response, leaving only hyperpigmentation ( Fig. 1g,h). There has been no change for 6 months. No biopsy was performed to confirm residual and recurrent lesions. Figure 1. (a) Reddish nodules on the ventral glans penis. (b) Reddish nodules on the right lateral glans penis. (c) Slit-like spaces filled with red blood cells and extensive proliferation of spindle-shaped cells (hematoxylin-eosin, original manifestation 9200). (d) The neoplastic cells are positive for the vascular marker CD34 (9200). (e) The neoplastic cells are positive for the lymphatic marker D2-40 (9200). (f) The neoplastic cells are positive in nuclear for the human herpesvirus type 8 latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (9200). (g) Hyperpigmentation on the ventral glans penis after radiotherapy. (h) Hyperpigmentation on the right lateral glans penis after radiotherapy.It has been reported that only 2.6% of classic KS develop on the penis. 2 The differential clinical diagnosis for penis lesion include pyogenic granuloma, condyloma acuminata, glomus tumor and angiosarcoma. It can be easily distinguished by histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining for CD34 and LANA-1. Because the patient had lived in Brazil for 46 years, we aimed to clarify the route of i...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Case of classic Kaposi sarcoma of the penis successfully treated with radiotherapy

Kuriyama

Shimizu

Yamada

et al. 2018

The Journal of Dermatology

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“…The median of the last TCD4 count was not statistically significant between the coinfected and monoinfected patients, corroborating with some previous studies [ 38 , 39 ]. Additionally, another study did not find an association between coinfection in PLWHA with KS and the last TCD4 count [ 42 ]. The absence of an association in PLWHA with and without KS may suggest that factors other than TCD4 influence the pathogenesis of HIV/HHV-8 coinfection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MBL2 gene polymorphisms in HHV-8 infection in people living with HIV/AIDS

et al. 2018

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BackgroundHost genetic factors such as MBL2 gene polymorphisms cause defects in the polymerization of MBL protein and result in a functional deficiency and/or in low serum levels that can influence susceptibility to various viral infections. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of alleles, genotypes and haplotypes related to -550, -221 and exon 1 polymorphisms of the MBL2 gene and investigate their association with HHV-8 in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), as well as the impacts on CD4 cell count and HIV viral load in HIV/HHV-8 coinfected and HIV monoinfected patients.ResultsA cross sectional study in PLWHA, with and without HHV-8 infection, exploring associations between different factors, was performed in the outpatient infectious and parasitic diseases clinic at a referral hospital. Genomic DNA extractions from leukocytes were performed using a commercial Wizard® Genomic DNA Purification kit (Promega, Madison, WI). The promoter region (-550 and -221) was genotyped with the TaqMan system (Applied TaqMan Biosystems® genotyping Assays), and the structural region (exon1) was genotyped with Express Sybr Greener Supermix kit (Invitrogen, USA). In total, 124 HIV/HHV-8 coinfected and 213 HIV monoinfected patients were analysed. Median TCD4 counts were significantly lower in HIV/HHV-8 coinfected patients, whereas the mean of the first and last viral load of HIV did not present significant difference. There was no difference in frequency between the LL, YY and AA genotypes between the HIV/HHV-8 coinfected or HIV monoinfected patients. However, in a multivariate analysis, coinfected patients with the intermediate expression haplotype of the MBL2 gene had an odds ratio of 3.1-fold (CI = 1.2–7.6) of their last CD4 cell count being below 350 cells/mm3. Among the coinfected individuals, four developed KS and presented the intermediate expression MBL haplotype, with three being HYA/LXA and one being LYA/LYO.ConclusionsHost genetic factors, such as -550, -221 and exon 1 polymorphisms, can be related to the may modify coinfections and/or to the development clinical manifestations caused by HHV-8, especially in HIV/HHV-8 coinfected patients who present the intermediate expression haplotypes of MBL.

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“…The association between clinical progression of HHV‐8 associated diseases and genotype remains unclear. Tozetto et al reported that genotype B is associated with better prognosis among individuals with AIDS‐KS in Brazil. Although the clinical progression of the cases was not studied, clinical records revealed two AIDS‐KS patients (AR109M and AR110M) with slow disease progression, one AIDS‐KS (AR279M) with aggressive and fast evolution and one organ donor (AR190M) without illness among the K1 B strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of human herpesvirus 8 genotypes in patients with AIDS and non-AIDS associated Kaposi's sarcoma, Castleman's disease and primary effusion lymphoma in Argentina

Perez

Tous

2017

J Med Virol

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HHV-8 genotypes are distributed heterogeneously worldwide. The variable K1 gene and the conserved ORF26E region serve to genotype. The aim of the study was to characterize HHV-8 isolates from patients with AIDS, classical, and iatrogenic KS, primary effusion lymphoma and Castleman's disease and one organ donor from Argentina by analysis of ORFK1 and ORF26E regions. DNA was extracted from fresh or paraffin embedded biopsies, blood, and saliva samples and submitted to HHV-8 PCR. Phylogenetic analyses of ORFK1 showed that subtypes C (C1, C2, and C3), B1 and A (A1, A2, and A3) were present in 70.8%, 16.7%, and 12.5% of cases, respectively. Analyses of ORF26E fragment revealed that most strains (45.8%) were subtype A/C while the remaining fall into K, J, B2, R, and D subtypes. Linkage between ORFK1-ORF26E subtypes corresponded to reported relationships, except for one strain that clustered with B1 (K1 African) and D (ORF26E Asian-Pacific) subtypes. This research reveals predominance of subtype C, a broad spectrum of HHV-8 genotypes and reports the first isolation of the African B genotype in Argentina.

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Genotypic distribution of HHV-8 in AIDS individuals without and with Kaposi sarcoma

Cited by 23 publications

References 50 publications

Case of classic Kaposi sarcoma of the penis successfully treated with radiotherapy

Case of classic Kaposi sarcoma of the penis successfully treated with radiotherapy

MBL2 gene polymorphisms in HHV-8 infection in people living with HIV/AIDS

Diversity of human herpesvirus 8 genotypes in patients with AIDS and non-AIDS associated Kaposi's sarcoma, Castleman's disease and primary effusion lymphoma in Argentina

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