Genotypic differences in the axillary bud growth and fruiting pattern of apple fruiting branches over several years—an approach to regulation of fruit bearing

Lauri, Pierre‐Éric; Térouanne, Éric; Lespinasse, J.M.; Regnard, Jean‐Luc; Kelner, Jean-Jacques

doi:10.1016/0304-4238(95)00836-5

Cited by 96 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Tree architecture and shoot morphology traits influence the fruit yield through pruning or training. Great variability in tree characteristics has been demonstrated in apple cultivars, which have been qualitatively classified into several architectural types according to the tree growth pattern, distribution of branches, and fruiting position (Lauri et al, 1995;Lespinasse and Delort, 1986). The genetic backgrounds of tree forms are complicated and poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Marker-assisted Selection System for Columnar Growth Habit in Apple Breeding

Moriya

Iwanami

Kotoda

et al. 2009

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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To make progress in columnar apple breeding, we constructed genetic linkage maps of the Co genomic region and identified useful DNA markers that enable correct and efficient selection of columnar-type seedlings in a practical columnar apple breeding program. Linkage maps of three mapping populations were constructed on the apple linkage group 10, and the Co gene was mapped on two populations, 'Fuji' × 8H-9-45 and 'Fuji' × 5-12786. Closely linked marker genotypes of SCAR 682 , SCAR 216 , CH03d11, and Hi01a03 were determined on 33 columnar-type cultivars and/or selections, and non-columnar-type cultivars contained 7 ancestral cultivars of apple breeding in Japan. A 174 bp fragment for primer Hi01a03 was amplified in all columnar-type cultivars, selections, and 'McIntosh', but was not detected in other ancestral apples. Amplified products of 682 bp for SCAR 682 and 177 bp for CH03d11 were detected in almost all columnar genotypes except for one selection, and 'McIntosh', but the products were not found in other ancestral apples. A 177 bp allele of CH03d11, characteristic of a columnar phenotype, was detected in all 170 columnar-type plants obtained from 18 crosses, suggesting that it is one of the most tightly linked DNA markers to the Co. These results indicated that CH03d11 was the most reliable marker to distinguish columnar and non-columnar phenotypes for the MAS system. In our two most advanced breeding selections, the Co gene-associated alleles of the original columnar mutant ('Wijcik') on CH03d11 (177 bp) and Hi01a03 (174 bp) remained, indicating that using these two breeding selections as Co donors in the breeding program, CH03d11 and Hi01a03 enable the selection of seedlings with columnar phenotype.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Marker-assisted Selection System for Columnar Growth Habit in Apple Breeding

Moriya

Iwanami

Kotoda

et al. 2009

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…However, in the current experiment, neither blossom thinning Table 1. Pairwise correlations between shoot length and other variables studied of 'Golden Delicious'/M.9 trees trained to Vertical Axis system in the seventh and eighth year after planting ); v11: titratable acidity (%); v12: fruit weight (g); v13: fruit skin colour (b* value); v14: pH nor artificial extinction (Lauri et al, 1995;Tustin et al, 2012;Atay and Lauri, 2013) carried out, and fruit thinning by hand was applied after the physiological drop. At this stage of fruit development (i.e.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pink Lady TM 'Rosy Glow' and 'Granny Smith'), the others (e.g. 'Golden Delicious' and 'Fuji') generally show an irregular bearing pattern with a low frequency of bourse-overbourse that is the one of the most important aspects of regular bearing in apple (Lauri et al, 1995). The regular bearing trait of 'plastic' cultivars (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Insight into Pruning Strategy in the Biennial Cycle of Fruiting: Vegetative Growth at Shoot and Whole-tree Level, Yield and Fruit Quality of Apple

Atay

2017

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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Knowledge of the growth dynamics of young and mature trees contributes to development of efficient orchard management practices. In this experiment, the aim was to provide apple growers with practical information on how vegetative growth (at both shoot and whole-tree level), yield and fruit quality change during the transition period, from young to mature trees. The experiment orchard was planted at 3.5 m × 1 m inter-row and intra-row spacings, respectively, with 'Golden Delicious'/M.9 trees. Trees were trained since planting as modified vertical axis. Vegetative growth at shoot level reacted differently to yield load than that at the whole-tree level. The yield, yield efficiency and annual canopy volume increase and decrease (a vegetative growth indicator at the whole-tree level) showed a positive correlation with shoot length. TCSA (annual increase and actual TCSA), as another vegetative growth indicator at whole-tree level in the experiment, correlated negatively with shoot length. The yield varied biennially and, was greatest in the seventh year after planting (21.76±8.46 kg tree -1 , corresponding to an orchard yield of ~62 t ha -1 ) that is an acceptable tonnage in the region of the experiment. To maintain the balance between vegetative growth and fruiting, orchard management practices should be conducted considering yield. No pruning or light pruning is recommended in the 'off-year' of biennial cycle of fruiting as a result of this study.

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“…Spur type bearing was defined as fruit bearing on spurs, which are branched out from an older shoot, in opposition are tip-bearing cultivars; they bear fruits on tips of longer shoots. One more parameter -the position of the scaffold branches along the trunk from basitonic to acrotonic, was included later (Lespinasse, Delort, 1986;Lauri et al, 1995). Only typical columnar cultivars were included into the first group by Lespinasse and all spur ideotype cultivars into the second group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting apple tree (Malus × domestica Borkh.) canopy architecture: phytohormone balance in juvenile hybrids

Bendokas

Gelvonauskienė

Gelvonauskis³

et al. 2014

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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Apple tree (Malus × domestica Borkh.) is one of the most widespread and economically important fruit trees. Productivity and economic effect of apple orchards depend on many strongly related factors, one of them being tree canopy architecture, which determines fruit bearing and demand for pruning. Main apple canopy architecture topics are related to application of growth regulators, fertilizers, studies of shoot development and pruning, and environmental influence while physiologic aspects are studied less. Phytohormones play a major role in controlling many physiological processes of plant growth and development. Different amounts of phytohormones are found in the shoots of apple trees depending on their canopy architecture. However, information about phytohormones and their ratio in juvenile orchard plants is insufficient. Our goal was to identify phytohormones related to apple canopy architecture and to evaluate their usage as biochemical markers in predicting future canopy ideotype of apple seedlings in the first year of growth. It was established that large amount of auxin and high auxin to zeatin ratio are specific to columnar apple trees and they can be used as biochemical markers in juvenile phase. These amounts and ratios are similar in juvenile and cropping columnar apple trees, so phytohormone amount and ratio is independent of tree development stage. It is possible to select columnar apple hybrids in the first year of growth, thus reducing breeding expenses.

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Genotypic differences in the axillary bud growth and fruiting pattern of apple fruiting branches over several years—an approach to regulation of fruit bearing

Cited by 96 publications

References 22 publications

Development of a Marker-assisted Selection System for Columnar Growth Habit in Apple Breeding

Development of a Marker-assisted Selection System for Columnar Growth Habit in Apple Breeding

A New Insight into Pruning Strategy in the Biennial Cycle of Fruiting: Vegetative Growth at Shoot and Whole-tree Level, Yield and Fruit Quality of Apple

Predicting apple tree (Malus × domestica Borkh.) canopy architecture: phytohormone balance in juvenile hybrids

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