Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated in subjects with atopic dermatitis. Higher prevalence of exfoliative B toxin production in lesional strains and correlation between the markers of disease intensity and colonization density

Capoluongo, Ettore; Lavieri, Maria Michela; Parola, I Lesnoni-La; Ferraro, C.; Cristaudo, Antonio; Belardi, M; Leonetti, F; Mastroianni, Antonio; Cambieri, Andrea; Amerio, Pierluigi; Ameglio, F.

doi:10.1016/s0923-1811(00)00171-7

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Finally, a culture sample from the lesional skin grew S. aureus , showing different antimicrobial susceptibilities from the nonlesional culture isolates. We suspect that the colonies were not of the same micro‐organism, in contrast to the data reported for another study on AD 36 . Our data should alert the clinician to the possibility of routine testing of the antibiotic‐sensitivity pattern of S. aureus strains recovered from different areas of AD skin to optimize choice of antibiotic therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…We suspect that the colonies were not of the same micro-organism, in contrast to the data reported for another study on AD. 36 Our data should alert the clinician to the possibility of routine testing of the antibiotic-sensitivity pattern of S. aureus strains recovered from different areas of AD skin to optimize choice of antibiotic therapy. We suspect that the differences in antibiotic-sensitivity pattern between S. aureus strains simultaneously present on lesional and nonlesional skin areas may eventually result in failure of antibiotics in the treatment of clinical signs of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Susceptibility testing and resistance phenotype detection inStaphylococcus aureusstrains isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis, with apparent and recurrent skin colonization

Kędzierska

Kapińska-Mrowiecka²,

Czubak-Macugowska

et al. 2008

British Journal of Dermatology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Susceptibility testing and resistance phenotype detection inStaphylococcus aureusstrains isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis, with apparent and recurrent skin colonization

Kędzierska

Kapińska-Mrowiecka²,

Czubak-Macugowska

et al. 2008

British Journal of Dermatology

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“… 26 found that patients were colonized with a heterogeneous S. aureus population and that there was no specific S. aureus genotype associated with the disease. Studies using PFGE have also found heterogeneous S. aureus populations colonizing human AD patients 27,28 . However, Chung et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity ofStaphylococcus pseudintermediusisolates from atopic and healthy dogs

Fazakerley

Williams

Carter

et al. 2010

Veterinary Dermatology

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Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is part of the normal canine flora but frequently causes pyoderma in canine atopic dermatitis (AD). This study aimed to determine whether particular S. pseudintermedius strains were associated with AD and/or pyoderma. Ninety-six S. pseudintermedius isolates from the ear, nares, perineum and lesions of 21 atopic and 16 healthy dogs were lysed with proteinase K and digested with 40 U SmaI. Restriction products were separated using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with an Oxford S. aureus control and lambda-ladder DNA concatomer markers. A dendrogram was constructed by the unweighted pair group method. All isolates showed a ≥ 56% similarity coefficient. Nine distinct PFGE clusters were identified, as follows: five from both atopic and healthy dogs; three from atopic dogs only; and one from healthy dogs only. Nine clusters were isolated from the nares, eight from the perineum, five from the ears and six from pyoderma lesions. There were no significant differences in the frequency of isolation from atopic or healthy skin, body sites or infected lesions for any of the clusters. Two of six healthy dogs and 18 of 20 atopic dogs with multiple isolates had closely related isolates (less than three band differences) at more than one sampling site. Isolates from pyoderma lesions were closely related to at least one mucosal isolate in 11 of 16 dogs. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates appear to be heterogeneous, and colonization or infection of atopic skin was not associated with any particular strain or cluster of strains.

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“…This is an impracticable approach. The toxin gene repertoire of a given S. aureus strain has been suggested to be an important denominator for the strain's capacity to induce skin disease (3,6,17,21). In particular, the antigenically distinct subtypes of staphylococcal ETA and ETB are putatively involved in the development of bullous impetigo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of Nonbullous Staphylococcus aureus Impetigo in Children Is Associated with Strains Harboring Genetic Markers for Exfoliative Toxin B, Panton-Valentine Leukocidin, and the Multidrug Resistance Plasmid pSK41

Koning¹,

Belkum²,

Snijders³

et al. 2003

J Clin Microbiol

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Nonbullous impetigo is a common skin infection in children and is frequently caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcal toxins and especially exfoliative toxin A are known mediators of bullous impetigo in children. It is not known whether this is also true for nonbullous impetigo. We set out to analyze clonality among clinical isolates of S. aureus from children with nonbullous impetigo living in a restricted geographical area in The Netherlands. We investigated whether staphylococcal nasal carriage and the nature of the staphylococcal strains were associated with the severity and course of impetigo. Bacterial isolates were obtained from the noses and wounds of children suffering from impetigo. Strains were genetically characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-mediated typing and binary typing, which was also used to assess toxin gene content. In addition, a detailed clinical questionnaire was filled in by each of the participating patients. Staphylococcal nasal carriage seems to predispose the patients to the development of impetigo, and 34% of infections diagnosed in the Rotterdam area are caused by one clonal type of S. aureus. The S. aureus strains harbor the exfoliative toxin B (ETB) gene as a specific virulence factor. In particular, the numbers (P ‫؍‬ 0.002) and sizes (P < 0.001) of the lesions were increased in patients infected with an ETB-positive strain. Additional predictors of disease severity and development could be identified. The presence of a staphylococcal plasmid encoding multiple antibiotic resistance traits, as detected by binary typing, was associated with a reduction in the cure rate. Our results recognize that a combination of staphylococcal virulence and resistance genes rather than a single gene determines the development and course of nonbullous impetigo. The identification of these microbial genetic markers, which are predictive of the severity and the course of the disease, will facilitate guided individualized antimicrobial therapy in the future.

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Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated in subjects with atopic dermatitis. Higher prevalence of exfoliative B toxin production in lesional strains and correlation between the markers of disease intensity and colonization density

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

Susceptibility testing and resistance phenotype detection inStaphylococcus aureusstrains isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis, with apparent and recurrent skin colonization

Susceptibility testing and resistance phenotype detection inStaphylococcus aureusstrains isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis, with apparent and recurrent skin colonization

Heterogeneity ofStaphylococcus pseudintermediusisolates from atopic and healthy dogs

Severity of Nonbullous Staphylococcus aureus Impetigo in Children Is Associated with Strains Harboring Genetic Markers for Exfoliative Toxin B, Panton-Valentine Leukocidin, and the Multidrug Resistance Plasmid pSK41

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