Genotypic and environmental influence upon the nutritional composition of barley grain

Torp, J.; Doll, Hans; Haahr, V.

doi:10.1007/bf00038800

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The environment is known to have significant effects on grain protein, with moisture and available nitrogen having major effects (Fathi et al, 1997). Torp et al (1981), for example, reported that the protein content of barley of the same genotype varied from 8.1 and 14.7% at different locations with similar nitrogen fertilization levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Dryland Barley for Human Food: Quality and Agronomic Performance

et al. 2009

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Grain β‐glucan content is the most important attribute for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties destined for the human food market. This trait is important because of the blood glucose and cholesterol‐reducing properties of β‐glucans. High levels of grain protein content, test weight, and seed size and endosperm color may also add value. Seed yield potential, in part, determines the economic feasibility of producing human food varieties. To determine the potential of food barley production in the dryland production areas of the Pacific Northwest of the United States, 33 cultivars and advanced lines reported to vary in β‐glucan content were grown in 2006 and 2007 at two locations in northeastern Oregon under dryland cropping conditions. Seed yield, test weight, percentage of plump kernels, grain β‐glucan, and grain protein were measured on replicated samples from the four environments, allowing for assessment of average performance as well as genotype × environment interaction. Estimates of variance components showed that ∼66% of the variability in β‐glucan content was attributable to genotype. Cultivars and lines with waxy starch had an average β‐glucan value of 55 g kg−1 compared with 35 g kg−1 for cultivars and lines with nonwaxy starch. We found significant two‐ and three‐way interactions, but these accounted for much less of the total variation in the measured phenotypes than the main effects of variety, year, and location. Hulless accessions produced an average of 3580 kg grain ha−1 compared with 4260 kg grain ha−1 for the hulled accessions. Hulled, waxy‐starch varieties appear to have the greatest agronomic potential for dryland production, as they combine high yield potential and grain β‐glucan percentage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Dryland Barley for Human Food: Quality and Agronomic Performance

et al. 2009

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“…sowing date) may yield but Triumph which was also a good malting improve both the yield and quality (Conry 1992) cultivar had a high protein yield. Torp et al (1981) while others (i.e. increased nitrogen) may improve the calculated that the variation in protein content was grain yield but lower the quality of the grain (Gately about three times larger between locations than 1968; Widdowson et al 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was a The grain yield and quality (protein and screenings) threefold difference in grain protein content between of malting barley ex-farm depends on a large number the lowest and the highest varieties. Extensive Euroof agronomic factors including season, soil type, pean trials have shown that the cultivar Ark Royal cultivar, date of sowing, seed rate, place in rotation, had a low grain protein content (Torp et al 1981). previous crop, amount of fertilizer nitrogen, timing of Welch & Gosden (1983) also found that Ark Royal nitrogen, type of nitrogen fertilizer and disease had a low protein content as well as a low protein control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effect of six cultivars at four rates of nitrogen on the grain yield and grain quality of spring-sown malting barley in Ireland

Conry

1994

J. Agric. Sci.

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S U M M A R YNine experiments were conducted in the south-east of Ireland on three contrasting soils over a 3-year period to test the effect of six cultivars at four rates of nitrogen on the grain yield and quality (ex-farm) of spring-sown malting barley.Blenheim gave the greatest grain yield and lowest protein on average. Blenheim and Prisma had similar low protein values but Prisma gave significantly lower (P < 0-05) mean grain yields than Blenheim at all three sites. Corniche gave significantly lower (P < 005 to 001) grain yields than Blenheim in all nine experiments. Choice of cultivar had a considerable effect ( < 16%) on the yield and protein content of malting barley but season and soil type had a much larger effect (2-3 times greater).The application of increasing increments of fertilizer nitrogen generally increased grain protein and screenings significantly (P < 005 to 001) in all nine experiments but it did not always give increased grain yields. The levels at which nitrogen gave significant grain yield increases depended on season and soil type. Season and soil type had a much larger effect on grain yield and quality than nitrogen rate.It was not possible to relate grain yield to specific climatic factors except on the light textured soil in 1990 when severe moisture stress in the early part of the growing season reduced grain yield by 32-5% compared with the previous 2-year average.

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“…Grain yield and grain protein concentration (GPC, gkg-l) are generally negatively correlated (Torp et al 1981). Two N gradients are apparent in the grains of a barley spike.…”

Section: Grain Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley: Physiology of Yield

Smith¹,

Dijak²,

Bulman³

et al. 1999

Crop Yield

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Physiology describes the operation of a plant at the biochemical, cell, tissue, organ and whole plant levels, recognizing that all of these are under the control of the plant genome. In the case of crop plants we are interested in how the combined operation of all plant's functions leads to the production of the harvestable component which, in cereal crops, is generally grain. Broadly speaking, the most important of the physiological activities in a crop plant with regard to yield are dry matter production, nutrient uptake, plant component partitioning and the processes of development (especially grain filling and the other aspects of yield component development). The developmental processes occur sequentially in time and involve progressive shifts in physiology. As barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a feed grain and a major source of malting grain for beer and spirits, aspects of physiology that affect the amount of grain produced and its quality (the amount of energy and protein) are of special interest.

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Genotypic and environmental influence upon the nutritional composition of barley grain

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Production of Dryland Barley for Human Food: Quality and Agronomic Performance

Production of Dryland Barley for Human Food: Quality and Agronomic Performance

Comparative effect of six cultivars at four rates of nitrogen on the grain yield and grain quality of spring-sown malting barley in Ireland

Barley: Physiology of Yield

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