Genotypic and environmental differences in rye fed to broiler chicks with dietary pentosanase supplementation

Abstract

. 1991. Genotypic and environmental differences in rye fed to broiler chicks with dietary pentosanase supplementation, Can. J. Anim. Sci. 71: 124l-124'1. The response of broiler chicks fed rye with dietary pentosanase supplementation was examined with respect to rye variety, area of production, and maturity at harvest. There were significant differences among varieties in the absence of enzyme addition and significant differences (varlety X eruyme, P<0.01) On a relev6 des diffdrences significatives entre les vari6t6s en I'absence de I'enzyme ainsi que des diff6rences significatives vari6t6 enzyme (P<0,01), pour ce qui est de I'ampleur de la rdaction sur la croissance des poulets ir I'apport de pentosanase (exp6rience 1). Les vari6t6s Kodiak et Cougar ont produit une r6action d'origine enzymatique plus prononc6e sur la croissance que Gazelle, cependant que Musketeer et un lot non identifi6 donnaient des valeurs interm6diaires. Des r6sultats semblables ont 6t6 obtenus dans I'exp6rience 2; la r6action sur la croissance de Kodiak et de Cougar d I'apport de pentosanase 6tait plus forte que chez la vari6td Musketeer (P>0,05). L'analyse chimique ar6v6l4, une plus forte viscosit6 de I'extrait, une concentration plus 6lev6e de pentosanes extractibles et un rapport arabinose-xylose plus 6troit que chez les autres vari6t6s. Ces diff6rences pourraient 6ventuellement expliquer la-plus iorte rrlaction de la varietd a l'apport de pentosanase. mais cette hypothbse ne vaut pas pour Cougar qui, elle aussi, r6pond bien h I'apport de I'enzyme. La zone de culture du grain de Musketeer (exp6rience 3) ou son degr6 de maturit6 ir la r6colte (exp6rience 4) n'ont donn6 lieu d aucun effet significatif sur la valeur nutritive du seigle, avec ou sans suppldment enzymatique, ni sur I'ampleur de la r6action h I'appoft d'enzyme. Pour ce qui est du stade de maturit6 du seigle ir la r6colte, on a obtenu une baisse lin6aire (non significative) de la croissance du poulet quand on utilisait du seigle d fbrte teneur en humidit6.

Influence of water extract viscosity and exogenous enzymes on nutritive value of rye hybrids in broiler diets

“…Moreover, genotype and environment have been shown to influence the concentration and quality of arabinoxylans in rye and also the efficacy of the pentosanases used (Madej et al, 1990;Campbell et al, 1991;Bengtsson et al, 1992). It has also recently been found that WEV correlated significantly with the growth and performance of young broilers fed rye diets (Boros et al, 1997).…”

“…It is worth mentioning that perhaps the arabinose side chains in rye are more apparent than in wheat and thus responsible for reducing the efficacy of xylanase, which may explain why xylanase addition has not allowed rye to compete with wheat. Additionally, this also indicates that in the case of a rye diet a broader spectrum of exogenous enzymes, possibly including arabinofuranosidases, is needed to alleviate the detrimental effect of rye arabinoxylans.Moreover, genotype and environment have been shown to influence the concentration and quality of arabinoxylans in rye and also the efficacy of the pentosanases used (Madej et al, 1990;Campbell et al, 1991;Bengtsson et al, 1992). It has also recently been found that WEV correlated significantly with the growth and performance of young broilers fed rye diets (Boros et al, 1997).…”

A note on variability of water extract viscosity of rye grain from north-east regions of Poland

“…This effect may be considered as favourable in adult humans (Rakowska, 1996), however strongly impedes the acceptance of rye grain as a feedstuff for chickens and young pigs. Viscosity of water extracts of rye is influenced by genotype and environment (Gan et al, 1997) and correlates negatively with nutritive value of grain for young chickens (Campbell et al, 1991;McLeod et al, 1996;Boros and Bedford, 1999) and pigs (Thacker et al, 1999). McLeod et al (1996) found, that in chickens lowering the digesta viscosity by pentosanase supplementation of rye-based diets was more effective in improving performance than feeding cultivar having an equivalent viscosity.…”

Variability of wheat and other cereal water extract viscosity. 2 - Range and causes of variation

“…16 Finally, growing location has been linked to rye soluble pentosan content and extract viscosity. 20 A rainy climate induced lower mixed-linked bglucan content and extract viscosity in barley15,24 while high temperature during growth induced high mixed-linked b-glucan content.25 An annual eþect has been observed17 on mixed-linked b-glucan content and it was probably a consequence of the climate. Harvest date may play a role in total and soluble mixed-linked b-glucan contents which decreased during the late stage of ripening in relation to endogenous enzyme activity.26 Storage of barley was seen to decrease total and soluble mixed-linked b-glucan content17,27 and viscosity.17,28,29 However, most of the studies dealt with high-moisture grains and little is known with grains harvested at 87% dry matter.…”