Genotype X environment Interaction and Stability of Oil Content of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes in Northern Ethiopia

Abstract

The experiment for oil content analysis was conducted for two growing seasons under rainfed condition (2012-2013) in Humera and Dansha, and in a single year (2013 cropping season) in Sheraro (comprising a total of five environments). The experiment comprised of 13 sesame genotypes, laid out in a randomized complete block design of three replications with the objective of determining the magnitude of Genotype x Environment Interaction (GEI)and oil content. here was highly significant (p0.01) oil content variation based on genotypes, environments and GEI resulting 26%, 42.7 % and 30.9% of the total sum of squares for the oil content variation respectively. The mean of the oil content was 53.9%, with genotypes G4 and G11 with the highest oil content (55.1 %) each, and G8 with the lowest oil content (51.4 %). G4 was the exceptional genotype with the highest oil content (55.1 %) and oil yield (512.9 kg/ha). Based on the Environmental Index (EI) analysis, Environments E4 and E5 were the favourable environments, while E1, E2 and E3 were unfavourable environments for sesame oil production. According to the AMMI1(Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) bi-plot, Genotypes G4, G13 and G10 with oil the content of 55.1%, 54.7 and 54.2 respectively, were stable genotypes. On the other hand, genotypes G2, G8, G9, G3 and G1 were unstable genotypes in most of the environments. The AMMI 2 bi-plot showed that, genotypes G2, G3 and G9, with long vector length, were specifically adaptable genotypes and genotypes G10, G12, G4 and G7 with shorter vector length were widely adaptable in most of the environments for their oil content. Oil content of sesame varies highly both across years and locations.

AMMI analysis of genotype × environment interaction on grain yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes in Iran

“…Furthermore, all interaction effects (Year  Location, Location  Genotype, Year  Genotype, and Year  Location  Genotype) were significant at the 99% level (Table 3). This result was similar to previous reports by Seyni et al [19] and Baraki and Gebremariam [20].…”

“…Also, the contributions of IPC1 and IPC2 were 56.17% and 28.88%, respectively. These results are similar to the observations reported by Baraki and Gebremariam [20] and Okello-Anyanga et al [22].…”

“…According to a similar approach applied by Baraki and Gebremariam [20], the genotypes and environments average was 173.6 g/m 2 . The superior genotypes were G8 > G13 > G9 > G10 > G15 > G14 and G7, and where located on the right side of the graph and close to zero in terms of the IPC1 axis.…”