Genotype Frequency of the Common TLR4 SNPs in a Kurdish Population: Global Reviews and Out-of-African Migrations

Abstract

Genotype Frequency of the Common TLR4 SNPs in a Kurdish Population Niranji and Al-Jaf

Association of Toll-like receptor-4 polymorphism with SARS CoV-2 infection in Kurdish Population

“…In our previous study, we showed that the genotypic frequencies of the wildtype TLR4 were around 90%, and the heterozygous TLR4 Asp299Gly (7.9%) and TLR4 Thr399Ile (9.7%) were also common in this population. While homozygous mutant genotypes of either SNPs were absent in this population ( Niranji, 2020 ; Niranji and Al-Jaf, 2022 ) The current study hypothesized that TLR4 SNPs (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) are associated with Covid-19 infection. Nonetheless, no association was found between the frequency of TLR4 genotypes and alleles among both Covid-19 patients and the general population in Kurdish people.…”

“…Patient information included in a questionnaire form: age, sex, comorbidities (Asthma, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and ischemic heart disease), SpO2, CT scan, and laboratory parameters (ESR, CRP, Ferritin, D-dimer). General population samples ( n = 114) were used from the previous retro-perspective study ( Niranji and Al-Jaf, 2022 ). Informed consent forms were taken from patients prior to sampling.…”

“…The common TLR4 SNPs, Asp299Gly (A896G) and Thr399Ile (C1196T) were genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) method as described previously ( Ajdary et al, 2011 ; Niranji and Al-Jaf, 2022 ). In this method, Genomic DNA extraction was performed using a kit from (GENET BIO CO., Daejeon, KR), then the manufacturer's instructions were followed.…”

“…Despite the important roles of TLR4 SNPs in several infectious and inflammatory diseases ( Medvedev, 2013 ), up to our best knowledge, during the writing of this manuscript, there is only one study investigating the association between TLR4 SNPs and Covid-19 infection ( Taha et al, 2021 ). Within the last two years, our group has been studying the genotypic frequencies of the two TLR4 SNPs (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) ( Niranji and Al-Jaf, 2022 ) and Apolipoprotein E alleles ( Al-Jaf, 2021 ) of a general population in Iraqi Kurds. We have also found that the Apo E4 allele is associated with Covid-19 infection ( Al-Jaf et al, 2021 ).…”