Genotype×environment interaction for wheat yield in different drought stress conditions and agronomic traits suitable for selection

Abstract

Wheat cultivars grown in south-eastern Europe are exposed to variable rainfed environments. Climate change predictions indicate that the frequency of dry years will likely increase in the future. This study examined relationships among agronomic traits and some drought indices with grain yield as influenced by genotype and environment. In a 4-year experiment, 100 cultivars and landraces of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from different countries were tested under 3 watering regimes: fully irrigated, rainfed, and in a rain-out plot shelter. Three selection indices, mean productivity (MP), tolerance (TOL), and stress susceptibility index (SSI), were calculated based on grain yield in irrigated and drought-stressed conditions. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) models were used to study the genotype × environment effects. Average yield reduction due to drought in the sheltered plots was 37.5%. High-yielding genotypes in each treatment showed high values of MP and high rank for SSI and, particularly, TOL. Conversely, low-yielding genotypes in each treatment had low values of MP and high drought tolerance according to SSI and TOL (i.e. low ranks). MP values were noted as being particularly well suited for predicting performance in this experiment. Total biomass and early vigour were found to be the most important agronomic traits for selecting high-yielding genotypes in a range of stress and non-stress conditions.

Drying of forage grass seed harvested at different maturity and its utility value in autumn and spring sowing time

“…Lots did not significantly affect varying of seed germination and dormancy as it was expected considering that regions of central, eastern and south-eastern Serbia are geographically small, do not differ much in climatic and edaphic conditions, and the applied growing practices were also similar. Although several previous studies of various species showed that differences among consecutive years were larger than differences among test sites within a region of south-east Europe (Rizza et al, 2004;Sudarić et al, 2006;Dodig et al, 2008), the year in the present study did not have a significant effect on the variation of seed germination and dormancy of the three observed species of fodder crops.…”

Screening Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance and Co-relation Study among Morpho-physiological Traits

“…The genotype vs. moisture regime interaction for WU was highly significant (Table 2) indicating water use pattern of genotypes changed with water availability. This is in conformity with result of Dodig et al, (2008). BL2800, Gautam, Hartog, and Dharwar dry had higher WU values in non stressed environment in contrast to SeriM82, NPGR6696, Vijaya and Bhrikuti which used minimum water during the test period.…”

Vandenyje tirpių angliavandenių kaupimasis kviečio žiedynkotyje ir jų ryšys su morfoanatominiais bei produktyvumo požymiais

“…Biomass per plant is a very important selection criterion for developing genotypes with high yield and terminal water stress tolerance (Dodig et al, 2008). Ehdaie et al (2006 a) reported that high internode specific weight and balanced partitioning of stem length into lower and upper internodes are important in genotypic accumulation and mobilisation of stem Water-soluble carbohydrates accumulation in peduncle of wheat and its relationship to morpho-anatomical and productive traits reserves in wheat.…”