Genotype environment interaction for maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids for the humid tropic of México

Abstract

Three way hybrids present the advantage of the heterosis in the maize production, besides, they represent agronomic and economic advantages in certificated seed production; Thus, with the objective of knowing the yield and agronomic characteristics of maize hybrids, during the spring summer season in 2021, were evaluated 12 maize hybrids, on which, there are participating inbred lines of the maize breeding program of Cotaxtla, Ver., and Iguala, Gro., from INIFAP and inbred lines from CIMMYT. These hybrids were arranged under complete blocks at random, with 12 treatments and four replications in plots of two rows 5m long, and 62,500 plants ha-1. The agronomic traits were: Grain yield, days to tassel and silking, plant and ear height, plant and ear aspect and sanity, lodging, bad husk cover and ear rot. From the combined analysis for grain yield there was found significant differences for genotypes (G) and for the Genotype environment interaction (GE). The best hybrids were above 7.0 t ha-1 in grain yield, 9 to 13% more than the check H-520; These hybrids were: (T35xT10)xLT154, (T35xT10)xLT156, (CML500xCML498)xLT155, (CML264xCML311)xLT-156, (LT-164xLT-165)xLT-156, (LT-169xLT-170)xLT-156. The inbred line LT156, participated in the best hybrids as a male parent; This line present good General Combining Ability.