Genotype distribution of Group A rotavirus in children before and after massive vaccination in Latin America and the Caribbean: Systematic review

Degiuseppe, Juan Ignacio; Stupka, Juan Andrés

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.017

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…A recently published case-control study assessing the etiology of moderate to severe acute gastroenteritis in children that were less than 5 years of age, carried out in the same city from the patient of our current study (Bucaramanga, Colombia), found that norovirus and rotavirus explained the major proportion of moderate to severe clinical cases [35]. However, after the introduction of RVA vaccination in 2009, there was a reduction of 39% in diarrhea-related mortality in children <5 years old (95% CI, 35 to 44) in Colombia [36], with a rapid switch from Wa-like to DS-1-like strains [37] and a high frequency of unusual G9P [4] in 2012 [38] and G3 P[8]/P [9] strains accounting for the vast majority of cases (82.8%) in 2015-2016 [6]. As has been seen in other countries in Latin America, the strong bias towards G3 strains, mainly in Brazil, is mostly due to the presence of the Equine-like RVA strains [12,15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Wa-1 Equine-Like G3P[8] Rotavirus from a Child with Diarrhea in Colombia

Martínez-Gutiérrez

Hernández-Mira

Rendón-Marín

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Rotavirus A (RVA) has been considered the main cause of diarrheal disease in children under five years in emergency services in both developed and developing countries. RVA belongs to the Reoviridae family, which comprises 11 segments of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) as a genomic constellation that encodes for six structural and five to six nonstructural proteins. RVA has been classified in a binary system with Gx[Px] based on the spike protein (VP4) and the major outer capsid glycoprotein (VP7), respectively. The emerging equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like strains reported worldwide in humans have arisen an important concern. Here, we carry out the complete genome characterization of a previously reported G3P[8] strain in order to recognize the genetic diversity of RVA circulating among infants in Colombia. A near-full genome phylogenetic analysis was done, confirming the presence of the novel equine-like G3P[8] with a Wa-like backbone for the first time in Colombia. This study demonstrated the importance of surveillance of emerging viruses in the Colombian population; furthermore, additional studies must focus on the understanding of the spread and transmission dynamic of this important RVA strain in different areas of the country.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Wa-1 Equine-Like G3P[8] Rotavirus from a Child with Diarrhea in Colombia

Martínez-Gutiérrez

Hernández-Mira

Rendón-Marín

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…Rotarix was introduced in Belgium in 2006, and vaccination rates were close to 90% in subsequent years resulting in significant changes in the epidemiology of rotavirus in Belgium (5). Prior to the vaccine introduction, the homotypic G1P [8] was the predominant genotype worldwide as well as in Belgium whereas after the vaccination, a shift towards the G2P [4] genotype was observed, not just in Belgium but also in other countries where Rotarix is the main vaccine employed (5,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Our pre-pandemic surveillance data confirmed the fluctuating but high prevalence of G2P [4] in Belgium (Figure 4.A).…”

Section: D) Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding seems to confirm a prediction we made more than 10 years ago, that a relative enrichment of DS-1-like RVA strains (replacing the Wa-like constellation present in the Rotarix vaccine), might occur over time due to vaccine pressure (38). Recently, Degiuseppe et al (2020) also reported that in four of the seven countries from Latin America, there was a rapid switch from Wa-like constellation to DS-1-like constellation, despite distinct vaccine introduction trends in each of the countries (12). Moreover, an increase in the proportion of samples from vaccinated infants over time and a higher incidence of vaccinated infants among cases infected with equine-like G3P [8] strains, align with possible positive selection of DS-1-like strains.…”

Section: D) Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, different genotypes are known to co-circulate with great seasonal fluctuations in the absence or presence of vaccination programs (9). However, in several countries, after the implementation of Rotarix, a shift from the dominant G1P [8] genotype towards the heterotypic G2P [4] was reported (5,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). When the complete rotavirus genome (11 segments) is considered, most human rotaviruses possess one of the two gene constellations, often referred to as either a "Wa-like" or "DS-1-like" genotype constellation (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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14-year experience of National Reference Center for Rotavirus A in Belgium: unusual dominance of equine-like G3P[8] genotype after the pandemic

Karatas,

Bloemen,

Cuypers

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Introduction Despite vaccine availability, rotavirus persists as a leading cause of gastroenteritis in children under five years of age, and continued surveillance of circulating genotypes is needed to monitor their evolution. Methods We collected 8024 rotavirus positive samples throughout Belgium between 2009 and 2023. For 6352 samples we were able to determine the G and/or P genotypes through sequencing of the genes encoding the outer capsid proteins VP7 and VP4. Results In the pre-pandemic period, we received an average of 622 samples per season, which decreased to 114 and 111 samples during the two pandemic seasons. In the first post-pandemic season we observed a peak surge of 1048 samples. Notably, the proportion of cases in the 2-5-year-old age group increased from 20.3% before the pandemic to 33% after the pandemic (p<0.001). Over the 14-year study period, the most common genotypes were G2P[4], G3P[8], and G9P[8]. Post-pandemic data show an unusually strong dominance of the “equine-like G3P[8]” genotype in two consecutive seasons (2021-2023). These equine-like G3P[8] strains are strongly associated with the DS-1-like genotype constellation and were first identified in 2014-2015 in Belgium. Additionally, a significant overrepresentation of vaccinated individuals was found within the equine-like VP7 carrying G3P[8]-infected patient samples compared to infections with other genotypes, including typical human VP7 G3P[8]. Conclusion Despite the presence of typical seasonal genotype fluctuations, the pandemic seems to be associated with several epidemiological changes, including the unusually strong dominance of an emerging rotavirus strain, against which currently used vaccines may be less effective. It is important to continue close monitoring of this strain to investigate whether this is a temporary phenomenon or if these strains may pose an increased public health threat.

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“…VP4 and VP7 are responsible for cell entry and the induction of neutralizing antibodies and, therefore, represent the main targets for vaccine development [ 49 ]. Consequently, an understanding of the genetic characteristics of these proteins is important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Avian Rotaviruses F and G Detected in Brazilian Poultry Flocks

Pinheiro

Dias

Petrucci

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Avian rotaviruses (RVs) are important etiologic agents of gastroenteritis in birds. In general, avian RVs are understudied; consequently, there is a paucity of information regarding these viruses. Therefore, the characterization of these viral species is highly relevant because more robust information on genetic, epidemiologic, and evolutionary characteristics can clarify the importance of these infections, and inform efficient prevention and control measures. In this study, we describe partial genome characterizations of two avian RV species, RVF and RVG, detected in asymptomatic poultry flocks in Brazil. Complete or partial sequences of at least one of the genomic segments encoding VP1, VP2, VP4, VP6, VP7, NSP1, NSP4, NSP4, or NSP5 of 23 RVF and 3 RVG strains were obtained, and demonstrated that multiple variants of both RVF and RVG circulate among Brazilian poultry. In this study, new and important information regarding the genomic characteristics of RVF and RVG is described. In addition, the circulation of these viruses in the study region and the genetic variability of the strains detected are demonstrated. Thus, the data generated in this work should help in understanding the genetics and ecology of these viruses. Nonetheless, the availability of a greater number of sequences is necessary to advance the understanding of the evolution and zoonotic potential of these viruses.

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Genotype distribution of Group A rotavirus in children before and after massive vaccination in Latin America and the Caribbean: Systematic review

Cited by 13 publications

References 79 publications

Wa-1 Equine-Like G3P[8] Rotavirus from a Child with Diarrhea in Colombia

Wa-1 Equine-Like G3P[8] Rotavirus from a Child with Diarrhea in Colombia

14-year experience of National Reference Center for Rotavirus A in Belgium: unusual dominance of equine-like G3P[8] genotype after the pandemic

Molecular Characterization of Avian Rotaviruses F and G Detected in Brazilian Poultry Flocks

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