Genotype characterization and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis B virus isolates from Iranian patients

Amini-Bavil-Olyaee, Samad; Sarrami‐Forooshani, Ramin; Mahboudi, Fereidoun; Sabahi, Farzaneh; Abdolzadeh, Ahmad; Noorinayer, Babak; Azizi, Mohammad; Zali, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.1002/jmv.20261

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The results showed the presence of HBV genotype D, subgenotype D1 and subtype ayw2 in all HBV infected patients. The results of genotyping were in agreement with previous reports on genotype/subtype distribution in different regions of Iran (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Unpublished data from our lab indicates that genotype D has been the only genotype of hepatitis B circulating in this country, despite the presence of legal and illegal immigrants from the neighbor countries with potential importation of other HBV genotypes which would result in a high rate of intermixing between populations and consequently, mixed-genotype patterns (15).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Genotype F occurring in Central and South America and genotype H was reported in Central America, Mexico, and California which are considered to be the original HBV genotypes of Amerindians (4). Recent publications from different parts of Iran indicated that genotype D is the only detected HBV genotype (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). This unique pattern may indicate a recent isolation of people in the absence of intermixing with other genotypes led to a homologous pattern (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HBV Surface Ag mutations in chronic carriers are rare in Baloochstan provinces of Iran: a community with a low rate of HBV-related cirrhosis and HCC

Ghaziasadi¹,

Ziai²,

Norouzi³

et al. 2011

Iran J Virol

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Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the hepatitis B virus surface Ag (HBsAg) genotypes and variations in the clinical/serological pictures among HBsAg positive chronic patients from South Khorasan province of Iran. Methods: Twenty-five patients were enrolled in this study. The HBs Ag gene was amplified and was directly sequenced. Genotypes and nucleotide/amino acid substitutions were characterized comparing with sequences obtained from the database. Results: All strains belonged to genotype D, subgenotype D1 and subtype ayw2. Eight samples (group I) contained at least one mutation at the single amino acid level. Five out of 8 samples showed ALT levels above the normal range of which only one sample was anti-HBe positive. Group II (17 samples) did not contain any mutation, 4 were anti-HBe positive and 9 had increased ALT levels. In both groups, in anti-HBe positive patients who showed high levels of ALT, only one sample had amino acid mutations. Conversely, 7 of 20 samples with HBeAg positivity had mutations. In both groups, from a total of 18 amino acid mutations, 5 (27.5%) and 13 (72.5%) occurred in anti-HBe and HBeAg positive groups respectively. In general, there was no correlation between the occurrence of mutations and HBeAg status/ALT levels of the patients. Conclusion:The relatively small number of nucleotide/amino acid mutations might belong to either the initial phase (tolerant phase) of chronicity in our patients, regardless of being anti-HBe positive; or that even in anti-HBe positive phase in Iranian genotype D-infected patients, a somehow tolerant pattern due to the host genetic factors may be responsible.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HBV Surface Ag mutations in chronic carriers are rare in Baloochstan provinces of Iran: a community with a low rate of HBV-related cirrhosis and HCC

Ghaziasadi¹,

Ziai²,

Norouzi³

et al. 2011

Iran J Virol

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“…Phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary analyses were conducted using MEGA version 3.1 [18] , as well as BioEdit, version 7.0.4.1 as described previously [14] . B r i e f l y, s e q u e n c e s o f B C P / C p l u s S r e g i o n s (approximately 1000-bp) were block aligned by the CLUSTAL X program and corrected visually; the Kimura two-parameter algorithm was used for genetic distance calculation.…”

Section: Phylogenetic and Sequence Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of HBV infection in Iran is around 2% and it appears that after the implementation of the HBV National Vaccination Programme (started in 1993), the HBV infection rate in young children has diminished significantly [9][10][11] . There are very few reports on the molecular epidemiology of HBV in Iran [12][13][14] . Recently, a study on the clinical and serological findings of HBV infection in Iran was published [15] , however, there are no reports on the association of the clinical, serologic, virologic (HBV genetic variability) and phylogenetic features of HBV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, virologic and phylogenetic features of hepatitis B infection in Iranian patients

Bahramali¹,

Sadeghizadeh²,

Amini-Bavil-Olyaee³

et al. 2008

WJG

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AIM:To characterize the clinical, serologic and virologic features of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Iranian patients with different stages of liver disease. METHODS:Sixty two patients comprising of 12 inactive carriers, 30 chronic hepatitis patients, 13 patients with liver cirrhosis and 7 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were enrolled in the study. The HBV S, C and basal core promoter (BCP) regions were amplified and sequenced, and the clinical, serologic, phylogenetic and virologic characteristics were investigated. RESULTS:The study group consisted of 16 HBeAgpositive and 46 HBeAg-negative patients. Anti-HBepositive patients were older and had higher levels of ALT, ASL and bilirubin compared to HBeAg-positive patients. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all patients were infected with genotype D (mostly ayw2 ). The G1896A precore (PC) mutant was detected in 58.1% patients. HBeAg-negative patients showed a higher rate of PC mutant compared to HBeAg-positive patients (χ 2 = 9.682, P = 0.003). The majority of patients with HCC were HBeAg-negative and were infected with PC mutant variants. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of BCP mutation between the two groups, while the rate of BCP plus PC mutants was higher in HBeAg-negative patients (χ 2 = 4.308, P = 0.04). In the HBV S region, the genetic variability was low, and the marked substitution was P120T/S, with a rate of 9.7% (n = 6). CONCLUSION:In conclusion, HBV/D is the predominant genotype in Iran, and the nucleotide variability in the BCP and PC regions may play a role in HBV disease outcome in HBeAg-negative patients.

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“…2013;137:1674-1679; doi: 10.5858/arpa.2012-0415-OA) I ran has a low endemicity for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection 1,2 and Iranian HBV-infected patients appear to carry only the D strain of the HBV genotype. 3,4 Chronic HBV (CHB)-infected patients demonstrate a clinical form of hepatitis B in which HBV is not completely eradicated from either hepatocytes or sera and show low levels of symptomatic liver disease. 5 Several investigations have proposed that CHB could be one of the main causes of cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Expressions of Toll-Like Receptor 9 and Its Signaling Molecules in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus–Infected Patients

Sajadi

Mirzaei

Hassanshahi

et al. 2013

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play crucial roles in immune responses, especially innate immunity, against viral infections. Toll-like receptor 9 recognizes intracellular viral double-strand DNA, which leads to the activation of nuclear factor B (NF-jB) through the myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) pathway. Defects in the expression of TLR9 and its signaling molecules may cause attenuated immune responses against hepatitis B virus.Objective.-To determine expression levels of TLR9 messenger RNA along with MYD88, interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), and NF-jB in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB)-infected patients.Design.-In this study, 60 CHB patients and 60 healthy controls were recruited and the expression of TLR9 and its downstream signaling molecules was examined by realtime polymerase chain reaction techniques using b-actin as a housekeeping gene.Results.-Our results showed that expression of TLR9, MYD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, and NF-jB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of CHB patients was significantly decreased in comparison with healthy controls.Conclusions.-According to our results, it appears that CHB patients are unable to appropriately express genes in the TLR9 pathway, which may impede immune responses against hepatitis B virus infection. These results suggest a mechanism that may partially explain the fact that immune responses are disrupted in CHB patients.

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Genotype characterization and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis B virus isolates from Iranian patients

Cited by 47 publications

References 37 publications

HBV Surface Ag mutations in chronic carriers are rare in Baloochstan provinces of Iran: a community with a low rate of HBV-related cirrhosis and HCC

HBV Surface Ag mutations in chronic carriers are rare in Baloochstan provinces of Iran: a community with a low rate of HBV-related cirrhosis and HCC

Clinical, virologic and phylogenetic features of hepatitis B infection in Iranian patients

Decreased Expressions of Toll-Like Receptor 9 and Its Signaling Molecules in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus–Infected Patients

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