Genotype‐by‐Environment Interactions when the Social Environment Contains Genes

Wolf, Jason B.; Royle, Nick J.; Hunt, John

doi:10.1002/9781118912591.ch4

Cited by 16 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The fertilization success of a given genotype is determined not only by abiotic environmental conditions but also by the frequencies of other male genotypes in the population (Ayala and Campbell ; Wolf et al. ). If genotype‐environment interactions redistribute and change the relative frequencies of male breeding values for reproductive success (e.g., Wolf et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If genotype‐environment interactions redistribute and change the relative frequencies of male breeding values for reproductive success (e.g., Wolf et al. ), the simple fitness landscape model presented in Figure could thus be rendered inapplicable (Jones et al. ; Calsbeek et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frequency dependent sexual selection can, and has been, incorporated in more sophisticated landscape models (e.g., Lande ; Wolf et al. ), but it remains difficult to predict with certainty how such dynamics would respond to a change in the abiotic environment. In the present study, pre‐ and postcopulatory forms of male–male competition and female choice would all be plausible sources of frequency‐dependent selection in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The consequences of sexual selection in well-adapted and maladapted populations of bean beetles†

et al. 2018

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Whether sexual selection generally promotes or impedes population persistence remains an open question. Intralocus sexual conflict (IaSC) can render sexual selection in males detrimental to the population by increasing the frequency of alleles with positive effects on male reproductive success but negative effects on female fecundity. Recent modeling based on fitness landscape theory, however, indicates that the relative impact of IaSC may be reduced in maladapted populations and that sexual selection therefore might promote adaptation when it is most needed. Here, we test this prediction using bean beetles that had undergone 80 generations of experimental evolution on two alternative host plants. We isolated and assessed the effect of maladaptation on sex-specific strengths of selection and IaSC by cross-rearing the two experimental evolution regimes on the alternative hosts and estimating within-population genetic (co)variance for fitness in males and females. Two key predictions were upheld: males generally experienced stronger selection compared to females and maladaptation increased selection in females. However, maladaptation consistently decreased male-bias in the strength of selection and IaSC was not reduced in maladapted populations. These findings imply that sexual selection can be disrupted in stressful environmental conditions, thus reducing one of the potential benefits of sexual reproduction in maladapted populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The consequences of sexual selection in well-adapted and maladapted populations of bean beetles†

et al. 2018

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“…Wolf et al (2004) posit a model of context-dependent evolution for which that context can be both the environment and the rest of the genome. That model was based on an analysis of within-generation fitness in a single panmictic population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genetics of phenotypic plasticity. X. Variation versus uncertainty

Scheiner

Holt

2012

Ecology and Evolution

131

158

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Despite the apparent advantages of adaptive plasticity, it is not common. We examined the effects of variation and uncertainty on selection for plasticity using an individual-based computer simulation model. In the model, the environment consisted of a linear gradient of 50 demes with dispersal occurring either before or after selection. Individuals consisted of multiple loci whose phenotypic expression either are affected (plastic) or are not affected (nonplastic) by the environment. Typically, evolution occurred first as genetic differentiation, which was then replaced by the evolution of adaptive plasticity, opposite to the evolutionary trend that is often assumed. Increasing dispersal rates selected for plasticity, if selection occurred before dispersal. If selection occurred after dispersal, the highest plasticity was at intermediate dispersal rates. Temporal variation in the environment occurring after development, but before selection, favored the evolution of plasticity. With dispersal before selection, such temporal variation resulted in hyperplasticity, with a reaction norm much steeper than the optimum. This effect was enhanced with negative temporal autocorrelation and can be interpreted as representing a form of bet hedging. As the number of nonplastic loci increased, plasticity was disfavored due to an increase in the uncertainty of the genomic environment. This effect was reversed with temporal variation. Thus, variation and uncertainty affect whether or not plasticity is favored with different sources of variation—arising from the amount and timing of dispersal, from temporal variation, and even from the genetic architecture underlying the phenotype—having contrasting, interacting, and at times unexpected effects.

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“…However, similarly to traditional epistasis, GxG epistasis can lead to complex forms of frequency‐dependent selection and rugged fitness landscapes (Wolf ; Wolf et al. ) and thus contribute to the maintenance of genetic variation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Color Morphs in the Eastern Mosquitofish Experience Different Social Environments in the Wild and Laboratory

et al. 2016

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The social environment of an animal is an especially interesting component of its environment because it can be shaped by both genetic and non‐genetic variation among social partners. Indirect genetic effects (IGEs) are those created when genetic variation in social partners contributes to variation in an individual's phenotype; a potentially common form of IGE occurs when the expression of a behavioral phenotype depends on the particular genotypic combination of interacting individuals. Although IGEs can profoundly affect individual‐ and group‐level fitness, population dynamics, and even community structure, understanding their importance is complicated by two inherent challenges: (1) identifying individuals with genetic differences in social interactions that can contribute to IGEs and (2) characterizing natural social interactions that potentially involve IGEs. As a first step toward addressing both these challenges in the same system, we investigated social interactions involving genetically distinct male color morphs in the poeciliid fish Gambusia holbrooki under natural and laboratory conditions. Previous work indicates that melanic (M) and silver (S) males differ in social behavior and in how conspecifics respond to them, suggesting the potential for IGEs. We used a combination of live and video recording of social groups in two natural populations and in the laboratory to determine the potential for IGEs to contribute to behavioral variation in this species. We found that M males had more social partners, and especially more female social partners than did S males, in nature and in the laboratory. These results suggest that both direct and indirect genetic effects have the potential to play a role in the expression and evolution of social behavior in G. holbrooki.

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Genotype‐by‐Environment Interactions when the Social Environment Contains Genes

Cited by 16 publications

References 84 publications

The consequences of sexual selection in well-adapted and maladapted populations of bean beetles†

The consequences of sexual selection in well-adapted and maladapted populations of bean beetles†

The genetics of phenotypic plasticity. X. Variation versus uncertainty

Genetic Color Morphs in the Eastern Mosquitofish Experience Different Social Environments in the Wild and Laboratory

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