Genotoxicity studies with pure trans-capsaicin

Chanda, Sanjay; Erexson, Gregory L.; Riach, Colin; Innes, Dawn; Stevenson, Frances; Murli, Hemalatha; Bley, Keith

doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.10.001

Cited by 48 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Arceo et al (1995) also showed a significant increase in number of peripheral blood cells with micronuclei. The micronucleus assay was repeated by groups with >98% pure capsaicin, both times yielding negative results: Chanda et al (2004) administered capsaicin orally to male mice at dose levels up to 800 mg/kg and females received 200 mg/kg; Proudlock et al (2004) administered capsaicin subcutaneously using an escalating dosing regime up to 500 mg/kg. Earlier, Villaseñor et al (1993) had also shown that capsaicin at a maximum tolerable dose of 1.22 mg/kg (intraperitoneally) was not mutagenic in the same assay.…”

Section: In Vivo Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of the Carcinogenic and Anticarcinogenic Potential of Capsaicin

et al. 2012

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Human exposure to capsaicin, the most abundant pungent chili pepper component, is ubiquitous. Evaluation of capsaicin's carcinogenic potential has produced variable results in in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity and carcinogenicity assays. The capsaicin tested in older studies was often from pepper plant extracts and included other capsaicinoids and diverse impurities. Recent studies utilizing high-purity capsaicin and standardized protocols provide evidence that the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential of capsaicin is quite low and that the purity of capsaicin is important. Several small epidemiological studies suggest a link between capsaicin consumption and stomach or gall bladder cancer, but contamination of capsaicin-containing foods with known carcinogens renders their interpretation problematic. The postulated ability of capsaicin metabolites to damage DNA and promote carcinogenesis remains unsupported. Anticancer activities of capsaicin have been widely reported, as it inhibits the activity of carcinogens and induces apoptosis in numerous cancer cell lines in vitro and explanted into rodents. Diverse mechanisms have been postulated for capsaicin's anticancer properties. One hypothesis is that inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes-particularly CYP2E1-retards carcinogen activation but is contradicted by the low potency of capsaicin for CYP inhibition. The potential for dietary capsaicin to act as a chemopreventative is now widely postulated.

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Section: In Vivo Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of the Carcinogenic and Anticarcinogenic Potential of Capsaicin

et al. 2012

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“…Most recently, purified capsaicin was evaluated in a battery of four tests largely in accordance with the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) recommendations under good laboratory practice (GLP) conditions [Chanda et al, 2004]. No evidence of genotoxic activity was reported using the bacterial mutation, human lymphocyte chromosome aberration, or mouse micronucleus tests, although there was an indication of mutagenic activity in the L5178Y Tk ϩ/Ϫ mammalian cell mutation assay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the potential genotoxicity of pure capsaicin in bacterial mutation, chromosome aberration, and rodent micronucleus tests

Proudlock¹,

Thompson²,

Longstaff³

2004

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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There is widespread dietary exposure to capsaicin in the form of chili peppers, while capsaicin's analgesic qualities have led to increased use of a topical herbal remedy in various impure forms. Most recently, injection of pure capsaicin has been proposed as a means of relieving a variety of debilitating diseases, in which case tissues would receive relatively high and direct exposure. The purpose of the present study, where a series of standard assays were performed in accordance with the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development guidance, was to clarify earlier conflicting reports concerning potential genotoxicity of capsaicin prior to administering it to patients in an injectable form. The results confirm the absence of genotoxic activity of high-purity capsaicin in the bacterial mutation and chromosome aberration tests. In addition, no evidence of cytotoxicity or genotoxicity was seen in the rat bone marrow micronucleus test, where systemic exposure to pure capsaicin was achieved using the subcutaneous route and a rising dose toleration protocol. It is concluded that pure capsaicin is not active in the standard battery of genotoxicity assays recommended by the International Conference on Harmonisation for evaluation of new medicines; earlier reported in vitro genotoxic activity is probably associated with mutagenic impurities in commercial grades of the material.

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“…Results were uniformly negative using pure capsaicin in the Ames test and in human lymphocytes assayed for chromosomal aberrations (Chanda et al, 2004;Proudlock et al, 2004). Finally, in whole animal studies, bone marrow micronuclei were not induced either in the mouse (Chanda et al, 2004) or in the rat (Proudlock et al, 2004).…”

Section: Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In a battery of studies, Chanda et al (2004) found that pure capsaicin induced a weak response after 4 h of treatment in the range of toxic concentrations in the mouse lymphoma assay but was non-mutagenic when treatment was extended to 24 h, and they commented that the criteria for positive results from this assay remain controversial. Results were uniformly negative using pure capsaicin in the Ames test and in human lymphocytes assayed for chromosomal aberrations (Chanda et al, 2004;Proudlock et al, 2004). Finally, in whole animal studies, bone marrow micronuclei were not induced either in the mouse (Chanda et al, 2004) or in the rat (Proudlock et al, 2004).…”

Section: Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)

Sagert¹

2008

Encyclopedia of Global Health

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Genotoxicity studies with pure trans-capsaicin

Cited by 48 publications

References 32 publications

A Comprehensive Review of the Carcinogenic and Anticarcinogenic Potential of Capsaicin

A Comprehensive Review of the Carcinogenic and Anticarcinogenic Potential of Capsaicin

Examination of the potential genotoxicity of pure capsaicin in bacterial mutation, chromosome aberration, and rodent micronucleus tests

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)

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