Genotoxicity of the herbicide butachlor in cultured human lymphocytes

Sinha, Sapna; Panneerselvam, N.; Shanmugam, G.

doi:10.1016/0165-1218(95)90039-x

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Early investigations have demonstrated that butachlor (5.0, 10.0, 20.0 lM) is positive in bacterial mutagenicity assays (Vaishampayan 1985), induces sister chromatid exchanges in rat tracheaepithelial cells , and results in chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells or cultured human lymphocytes Sinha 1995). Acetochlor (10 -5 mM) was reported to accelerate T 3 -induced precocious metamorphosis in northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens (Cheek et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluation of DNA damage in Chinese toad (Bufo bufo gargarizans) after in vivo exposure to sublethal concentrations of four herbicides using the comet assay

Yin

Zhang

et al. 2008

Ecotoxicology

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Chinese toad, Bufo bufo gargarizans, is frequently found in rice fields, muddy ponds, wetlands and other aquatic ecosystems in China. Because of its habitat, it has many chances of being exposed to pesticides, such as acetochlor, butachlor, chlorimuron-ethyl, and paraquat, which are extensively used in rice or cereal fields. Amphibians may serve as model organisms for determining the genotoxic effects of pollutants contaminating these areas. In the present study DNA damage was evaluated in the Chinese toad using the comet assay, as a potential tool for the assessment of ecogenotoxicity. The first step was to determine the acute toxicity of the above-mentioned herbicides. In acute tests, tadpoles were exposed to a series of relatively high concentrations of acetochlor, butachlor, chlorimuron-ethyl, and paraquat for 96 h. The LC(50 )(96 h) of acetochlor, butachlor, chlorimuron-ethyl and paraquat were measured as 0.76, 1.32, 20.1 and 164 mg l(-1), respectively. Also, negative effects on the behavior of tadpoles were observed with acetochlor, butachlor, and paraquat. Secondly, the comet assay was used for detecting DNA damage in Chinese toad tadpoles exposed to sublethal concentrations of four herbicides. Significant (P < 0.05) concentration-dependent increase in DNA damage (as indicated by tail length, tail moment, olive tail moment) were observed from erythrocytes of tadpoles exposed to sublethal concentrations of acetochlor, butachlor, paraquat, and methyl methanesulfonate, except chlorimuron-ethyl. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the use of Bufo bufo gargarizans for genotoxicity assessment of herbicides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluation of DNA damage in Chinese toad (Bufo bufo gargarizans) after in vivo exposure to sublethal concentrations of four herbicides using the comet assay

Yin

Zhang

et al. 2008

Ecotoxicology

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“…Because of this, the mechanism of butachlor-induced genotoxicity in tadpole erythrocytes needs further investigation. Butachlor is genotoxic to mammalian cell cultures (Panneerselvam et al 1999;Sinha et al 1995), but butachlor exhibits only limited mutagenic or genotoxic impacts on whole mammals (Brusick et al 1992;Lohman et al 1992;Wilson and Takei 2000). Based on these findings, it is likely that butachlor genotoxicity is species-specific, at least within mammals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Butachlor is neurotoxic to land snails (Rajyalakshmi et al 1996) and genotoxic to toad and frog tadpoles, flounder, and catfish where it causes DNA strand break induction in erythrocytes (Ateeq et al 2005;Geng et al 2005b;Yin et al 2007;Yin et al 2008). It is also genotoxic to cultured mammalian cells where it causes DNA strand breaks and both micronucleus and chromosomal aberration inductions (Panneerselvam et al 1999;Sinha et al 1995). Butachlor is also an indirect mutagen to hamsters and rats (Hsu et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Impacts of the herbicide butachlor on the larvae of a paddy field breeding frog (Fejervarya limnocharis) in subtropical Taiwan

Liu

Wang

et al. 2011

Ecotoxicology

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Butachlor is the most commonly used herbicide on paddy fields in Taiwan and throughout Southeast Asia. Since paddy fields provide habitat for pond breeding amphibians, we examined growth, development, time to metamorphosis, and survival of alpine cricket frog tadpoles (Fejervarya limnocharis) exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of butachlor. We documented negative impacts of butachlor on survival, development, and time to metamorphosis, but not on tadpole growth. The 96 h LC(50) for tadpoles was 0.87 mg/l, much lower than the 4.8 mg/l recommended dosage for application to paddy fields. Even given the rapid breakdown of butachlor, tadpoles would be exposed to concentrations in excess of their 96 h LC(50) for an estimated 126 h. We also documented DNA damage (genotoxicity) in tadpoles exposed to butachlor at concentrations an order of magnitude less than the 4.8 mg/l recommended application rate. We did not find that butachlor depressed cholinesterase activity of tadpoles, unlike most organophosphorus insecticides. We conclude that butachlor is likely to have widespread negative impacts on amphibians occupying paddy fields with traditional herbicide application.

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“…It has been shown by many investigators that pesticides induce CA in human lymphocytes (Cid and Matos 1987, Grant and Salamone 1994, Hrelia et al 1996, Sinha et al 1995. No such research exists about the effects of Logran and its compound Triasulfuron on hereditary material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cytogenetic Effects of Logran on Human Lymphocyte Culture

Gökalp

Kaymak

2004

CYTOLOGIA

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In this study, the cytogenetic effects of a sulphonylurea group herbicide Logran (effective substance; Triasulfuron) were investigated in human peripheral blood lymphocyte culture. The cultures were treated with 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, and 256 mg/ml concentrations of Logran for 24 and 48 h. This compound increased chromosome aberrations (CA) in human lymphocyte culture. Logran decreased Mitotic Index (MI) related to the concentrations. Between the concentrations of 16 and 256 mg/ml Logran, this herbicide is cytotoxic and clastogenic in human peripheral blood lymphocyte culture treated in vitro. Key words Logran, Herbicide, Chromosome aberrations, in vitro lymphocyte culture. Nowadays humans are exposed to the effects of various chemical substances due to developing industry and technology. These chemical substances can be agricultural pests, food additives and medicines. These compounds may have significant effects for many generations. Therefore, it is important to determine the mutagenic effects of these compounds by the appropriate test systems. Suphonylurea herbicides are used to control broad-leaved weeds. Logran is one of the sulphonylurea herbicides and its active substance is triasulfuron. This herbicide is used extensively, especially on wheat grown agricultural area in Turkish Trakya. It is known that about 10-12000 kg Logran is used on a 2-2.3 million hectare agricultural land in a single season in Edirne province. Excessive use of these sulphonylurea herbicides in agricultural areas may accumulate in soil and water. Thus, they may reach to the organisms and may result in several harms. Althought the effects of some urea group herbicides are investigated (Agrawal et al. 1996, Chauhan et al. 1998, Papapaulou et al. 2001) there is no report about cytogenetic effects of Logran on animals and humans. Testing agents for their ability to induce CA has a firm place in screening strategies for mutagenic/carcinogenic agents (Ishidate et al. 1998, Kirkland 1998, Obe et al. 1982). Detailed cytogenetic assay dealing with chromosome aberration is one of the important ways for evaluating genotoxic agents in vivo and in vitro (Carrano and Natarajan 1988, Natarajan and Obe 2002). CAs are induced by agents that damage chromosomal DNA (Natarajan 1976, Roberts 1978, Singer and Grunberger 1983). Therefore, scoring chromosomal aberrations is a direct measure of chromosome breakage and offers an accurate evaluation of the clastogenic (chromosome breakage) activity of an agent. In the present study it was aimed to investigate the cytogenetics effects and dose response relations of Logran (commercial formulation of Triasulfuron) in human blood lymphocyte culture. Material and method In the present study, human peripheral blood was used as material, and Logran as a test substance. Logran consists of 4% triasulfuron (C 14 H 16 ClN 5 O 5 S-3-(6-methoxy-4-methyl-1,3,5-triazine

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Genotoxicity of the herbicide butachlor in cultured human lymphocytes

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

Evaluation of DNA damage in Chinese toad (Bufo bufo gargarizans) after in vivo exposure to sublethal concentrations of four herbicides using the comet assay

Evaluation of DNA damage in Chinese toad (Bufo bufo gargarizans) after in vivo exposure to sublethal concentrations of four herbicides using the comet assay

Impacts of the herbicide butachlor on the larvae of a paddy field breeding frog (Fejervarya limnocharis) in subtropical Taiwan

The Cytogenetic Effects of Logran on Human Lymphocyte Culture

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