Genotoxicity of organic pollutants in source of drinking water on microalga Euglena gracilis

Li, Mei; Zhao, Yongjun; Gao, Xiangyu; Xü, Yao; Qian, Xin; Brown, Murray T.; Cui, Yibin

doi:10.1007/s10646-009-0343-0

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The choice of this test was based on the following criteria: low cost, short response time, and measurement of several parameters in parallel. In agreement with Li et al (2009), unicellular algae are suitable bioindicators of water toxicity due to their short life cycle, sensitivity, and simple genetic materials in comparison to higher plants. In addition, algae are the primary producers in the food web and any change at its level will result in effects at the higher trophic levels (Joubert 1980;Jafari and Gunale 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Monitoring of Waste Water Samples Using the ECOTOX Biosystem and the Flagellate Alga Euglena gracilis

Ahmed

Häder²

2010

Water Air Soil Pollut

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In this study, a fast bioassay using the ECOTOX system to evaluate biological safety of waste water samples from different sources was performed. This biological system works full automatically to test water quality. The system uses the image analysis of movement behavior of the flagellate Euglena gracilis as a model organism. The measured parameters are cell motility, velocity, orientation (r-value, upward swimming and alignment) as well as cell form (compactness). In most tested waste samples, precision of orientation (r-value) is inhibited at concentrations which showed less effect on the other parameters. Motility and compactness were noticed to be the least inhibited parameters in response to waste water samples. The results of waste treatment plants revealed the efficiency of the used purification system. Movement as well as orientation parameters in E. gracilis showed high sensitivity toward chlorine. The order of sensitivity was motility>velocity> r-value>upward swimming with EC 50 values of 0.69, 0.81, 0.85, and 1.78 mgL −1 , respectively. ECOTOX with its test organism (E. gracilis) provides an automatic, fast and sensitive system to monitor water samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Monitoring of Waste Water Samples Using the ECOTOX Biosystem and the Flagellate Alga Euglena gracilis

Ahmed

Häder²

2010

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…30 However, these studies focused on the effects of extracts with much higher concentrations of pollutants than natural water. Furthermore, those assays usually identify a single toxic effect, such as mutagenicity or genotoxicity.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Transcriptomic and Metabolic Profile of Mice Exposed to Source Drinking Water

Zhang

et al. 2011

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Transcriptomic and metabonomic methods were used to investigate mice's responses to drinking source water (DSW) exposure. After mice were fed with DSW for 90 days, hepatic transcriptome was characterized by microarray and serum metabonome were determined by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A total of 243 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, among which 141 genes were up-regulated and 102 genes were down-regulated. Metabonomics revealed significant changes in concentrations of creatine, pyruvate, glutamine, lysine, choline, acetate, lipids, taurine, and trimethylamine oxide. Four biological pathways were identified by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis where both gene expression and metabolite concentrations were altered in response to DSW exposure. These results highlight the significance of combined use of transcriptomic and metabonomic approaches in evaluating potential health risk induced by DSW contaminated with various hazardous materials.

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“…Since this method primarily detects high molecular-weight DNA resulting from single and double-strand breaks and alkali-labile sites in cells, unicellular algae could be a reliable model for the assessment of genotoxic effect of aquatic pollutants. To date, only a few genotoxicity studies based on the comet assay have been conducted with microalgae (Akcha et al, 2008, Aoyama et al, 2003, Desai et al, 2006, Erbes et al, 1997, Li et al, 2009, Martinez et al, 2014Sastre et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of a prooxidant herbicide on the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Screening cytotoxicity and genotoxicity endpoints.

et al. 2015

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Since recent evidence has demonstrated that many types of chemicals exhibit oxidative and/or genotoxic potential on living organisms, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and DNA damage are currently the best accepted paradigms to assess the potential hazardous biological effects of a wide range of contaminants. The goal of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of different cytotoxicity and genotoxicity responses on the model microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exposed to the prooxidant herbicide paraquat. In addition to the growth endpoint, cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential and presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assayed as potential markers of cytotoxicity using flow cytometry (FCM). To study the effects of paraquat on C. reinhardtii DNA, several genotoxicity approaches were implemented for the first time in an ecotoxicological study on microalgae. Oxidative DNA base damage was analysed by measuring the oxidative DNA lesion 8-OHdG by FCM. DNA fragmentation was analysed by different methods: comet assay, and cell cycle analysis by FCM, with a particular focus on the presence of subG1-nuclei. Finally, effects on morphology of nuclei were monitored through DAPI staining. The evaluation of these endpoints showed that several physiological and biochemical parameters reacted to oxidative stress disturbances with greater sensitivity than integrative parameters such as growth rates or cell viability. The experiments revealed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity (ROS formation, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane), genotoxicity (oxidative DNA damage, DNA strand breakage, alterations in nuclear morphology), and cell cycle disturbances (subG1-nuclei, decrease of 4N population) in paraquat-treated cells. Overall, the genotoxicity results indicate that the production of ROS caused by exposure to paraquat induces oxidative DNA damage followed by DNA single- and double-strand breaks and cell cycle alterations, possibly leading to apoptosis in C. reinhardtii cells. This is supported by the observation of typical hallmarks of apoptosis, such as mitochondrial membrane depolarization, alterations in nuclear morphology and subG1 nuclei in cells exposed to the highest assayed concentrations. To our knowledge, this is the first study that provides a comprehensive analysis of oxidative DNA base damage in unicellular algal cells exposed to a prooxidant pollutant, as well as of its possible relation with other physiological effects. These results reinforce the need for additional studies on the genotoxicity of environmental pollutants on ecologically relevant organisms such as microalgae that can provide a promising basis for the characterization of potential pollutant hazards in the aquatic environment.

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Genotoxicity of organic pollutants in source of drinking water on microalga Euglena gracilis

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Monitoring of Waste Water Samples Using the ECOTOX Biosystem and the Flagellate Alga Euglena gracilis

Monitoring of Waste Water Samples Using the ECOTOX Biosystem and the Flagellate Alga Euglena gracilis

Evaluating the Transcriptomic and Metabolic Profile of Mice Exposed to Source Drinking Water

Acute effects of a prooxidant herbicide on the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Screening cytotoxicity and genotoxicity endpoints.

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