Genotoxicity of gardenia yellow and its components

Ozaki, Asako; Kitano, Masaaki; Furusawa, Naoto; Yamaguchi, Hidemasa; Kuroda, Koichi; Endo, Ginji

doi:10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00118-7

Cited by 88 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In oriental medicine, G. jasminoides is known to have acopic, antipyretic, diuretic and detoxifying effects [1]. The constituents including gardenoside, gardenin, crocetin, crocin, geniposide and genipin [1,17] have been identified from G. jasminoides. It has been also demonstrated that the extract of G. jasminoides exhibits anti-depressant [26], antiangiogenic [20], and anti-inflammatory [9,13,21] activities and attenuates hepatocellular [5] and gastric injury [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gardenia jasminoides Exerts Anti-inflammatory Activity via Akt and p38-dependent Heme Oxygenase-1 Upregulation in Microglial Cells

Song¹,

Shin²,

Kim³

et al. 2017

Journal of Life Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Died Gardenia jasminoides fruit is used as a dye in the food and clothes industries in Asia. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of G. jasminoides fruits (GJ) in BV-2 microglial cells. GJ inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) secretion, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, and reactive oxygen species production, without affecting cell viability. Furthermore, GJ increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of GJ on iNOS expression was abrogated by small interfering RNA-mediated knock-down of HO-1. In addition, GJ induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that regulates HO-1 expression. GJ-mediated expression of HO-1 was suppressed by LY294002, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K) inhibitor, and SB203580, a p38 kinase inhibitor, but not by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor PD98059 or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125. GJ also enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and p38. These results suggest that GJ suppresses the production of NO, a pro-inflammatory mediator, by inducing HO-1 expression via PI-3K/Akt/p38 signaling. These findings illustrate a novel molecular mechanism by which extract from G. jasminoides fruits inhibits neuroinflammation.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gardenia jasminoides Exerts Anti-inflammatory Activity via Akt and p38-dependent Heme Oxygenase-1 Upregulation in Microglial Cells

Song¹,

Shin²,

Kim³

et al. 2017

Journal of Life Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gardenia yellow is a rare natural water-soluble colorant, extracted from gardenia fruit (Gardenia jasminoides), that is widely used in Asian countries mainly in colored juice, jelly, candy and noodles. Its chemical structure is postulated as crocetin glycosyl esters [12]. It is not approved as a food colorant in the European Union or in the USA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Thermal Degradation Patterns of Natural Yellow Colorants Used in Foods

Giménez

Fernández-López

Angosto

et al. 2015

Plant Foods Hum Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is a great interest in natural yellow colorants due to warnings issued about certain yellow food colorings of synthetic origin. However, no comparative studies have been reported of their thermal stability. For this reason, the thermal stabilities of six natural yellow colorants used in foods--lutein, riboflavin, curcumin, ß-carotene, gardenia yellow and Opuntia betaxanthins--were studied in simple solutions over a temperature range 30-90 °C. Spectral properties and visual color were investigated during 6 h of heat treatment. Visual color was monitored from the CIEL*a*b* parameters. The remaining absorbance at maximum wavelength and the total color difference were used to quantify color degradation. The rate of color degradation increased as the temperature rose. The results showed that the thermal degradation of the colorants followed a first-order reaction kinetics. The reaction rate constants and half-life periods were determined as being central to understanding the color degradation kinetics. The temperature-dependent degradation was adequately modeled on the Arrhenius equation. Activation energies ranged from 3.2 kJmol(-1) (lutein) to 43.7 kJmol(-1) (Opuntia betaxanthins). ß-carotene and lutein exhibited high thermal stability, while betaxanthins and riboflavin degraded rapidly as temperature increased. Gardenia yellow and curcumin were in an intermediate position.

show abstract

“…It contains geniposide and crocin as main components. 5,6) These components exhibit antioxidant, cytotoxic, antitumor and neuroprotective effects. [7][8][9][10][11][12] However, antihyperlipidemic effects of GF and its components have not been thoroughly studied.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Crocin Isolated from the Fructus of Gardenia jasminoides and Its Metabolite Crocetin

Lee

Baek

et al. 2005

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

201

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Genotoxicity of gardenia yellow and its components

Cited by 88 publications

References 27 publications

Gardenia jasminoides Exerts Anti-inflammatory Activity via Akt and p38-dependent Heme Oxygenase-1 Upregulation in Microglial Cells

Gardenia jasminoides Exerts Anti-inflammatory Activity via Akt and p38-dependent Heme Oxygenase-1 Upregulation in Microglial Cells

Comparative Thermal Degradation Patterns of Natural Yellow Colorants Used in Foods

Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Crocin Isolated from the Fructus of Gardenia jasminoides and Its Metabolite Crocetin

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About