Genotoxicity of aflatoxins and their precursors in human cells

Theumer, Martín G.; Henneb, Yasmine; Khoury, Laure; Snini, Selma P.; Tadrist, Souria; Canlet, Cécile; Puel, Olivier; Oswald, Isabelle P.; Audebert, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.007

Cited by 100 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The impact of aflatoxins on human health (Theumer et al, 2018;Omotayo et al, 2019) is far the most important challenge, which we should keep an eye on in the whole feed and food chain (Zheng et al, 2018). This is the reason for why aflatoxin-related research including analytics is flourishing today.…”

Section: Qualitative and Quantitative Aflatoxin Analytical Methods -Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effects, Transformation and Channeling of Aflatoxins Into Food Raw Materials in Livestock

et al. 2019

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Section: Qualitative and Quantitative Aflatoxin Analytical Methods -Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effects, Transformation and Channeling of Aflatoxins Into Food Raw Materials in Livestock

et al. 2019

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“…The phosphorylation of histone H2AX (named γH2AX) by different type of DNA lesions notably including DNA adducts, DNA abasic sites, DNA strand breaks or DNA replication or transcription blocking lesions, has been demonstrated in different studies with model genotoxicants (Watters et al, ; Smart et al, ; Khoury et al, ; Bryce et al, ; ; ; Khoury et al, ,b). The in vitro γH2AX in‐cell Western (ICW) assay has been successfully used to simultaneously analyze the DNA damage and cytotoxicity (relative cell count) potential of different food contaminants (Audebert et al, ; Graillot et al, ; Theumer et al, ; Kopp et al, ), including mixtures of pesticides (Graillot et al, ). Of the 49 chemicals, 21 were tested specifically for this study whereas the other 28 had already been published (supplementary data 4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity and mutagenicity assessment of food contaminant mixtures present in the French diet

Kopp

Vignard

Mirey

et al. 2018

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Through diet, people are exposed simultaneously to a variety of contaminants (e.g. heavy metals, mycotoxins, pesticides) that could have combined adverse effects on human health. A previous study identified six main mixtures of food contaminants to which French adult consumers are exposed. These complex mixtures are comprised of 11 to 19 chemicals that have numerous toxic properties. In the present study, we investigated the genotoxic effects of these food contaminants, as single molecules and in mixtures that reflect their occurrence in the French diet, using the γH2AX assay in two human cell lines (HepG2, LS-174 T). Results of detailed analysis of the 49 individual contaminants (including 21 tested in this study) demonstrated a positive genotoxic response to 14 contaminants in HepG2 and 12 in LS-174 T cells. Next, our results indicated that two mixtures out of six triggered significant γH2AX induction after 24 hr of treatment, at concentrations for which individual compounds did not induce any DNA damage, suggesting more than additive interactions between chemicals. γH2AX positive mixtures were then tested for mutagenicity with the innovative in vitro PIG-A assay in HepG2 cells coupled with the soft agar colony formation assay. The two γH2AX positive mixtures led to a significant increase in the frequency of PIG-A GPI-deficient cells and in the number of colonies formed in soft agar. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that two mixtures of contaminants present in the French diet induce genotoxicity and mutagenicity, and that the combined effects of single molecules present in these mixtures are likely not additive, highlighting potential problems for hazard assessment of mixtures. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:742-754, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…However, the other aflatoxins should not be overlooked because of their intrinsic toxicity, which may not be negligible, or because they can readily invert to the most potent AFB1. They can also be intermediates for the biosynthesis of more toxic mycotoxins [24][25][26]. Table 2 summarises physicochemical and toxicological properties of the major aflatoxins.…”

Section: Physical Chemical and Toxicological Properties Of Aflatoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxins: Production, Structure, Health Issues and Incidence in Southeast Asian and Sub-Saharan African Countries

Benkerroum¹

2020

Preprint

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This review aimed to update the main aspects of aflatoxin production, occurrence and incidence in selected countries, and associated aflatoxicosis outbreaks. Means to reduce aflatoxin incidence in crops were also presented with an emphasis on the environment-friendly technology using atoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus. Aflatoxins are unavoidable widespread natural contaminants of foods and feeds with serious impact on health, agricultural and livestock productivity, and food safety. They are secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus species distributed on three main sections of the genus (section Flavi, section Ochraceorosei, and section Nidulantes). Poor economic status of a country exacerbates the risk and the extent of crop contamination due to faulty storage conditions that are usually suitable for mold growth and mycotoxin production: temperature of 22 to 29°C and water activity of 0.90 to 0.99. This situation paralleled the prevalence of high liver cancer and the occasional acute aflatoxicosis episodes that have been associated with these regions. Risk assessment studies revealed that Southeast Asian and Sub-Saharan African countries remain at high risk and that, apart from the regulatory standards revision to be more restrictive, other actions to prevent or decontaminate crops are to be taken for adequate public health protection. Indeed, a review of publications on the incidence of aflatoxins in selected foods and feeds from countries whose crops are classically known for their highest contamination with aflatoxins, reveals that despite the intensive efforts made to reduce such an incidence, there has been no clear tendency, with the possible exception of South Africa, towards sustained improvements. Nonetheless, a global risk assessment of the new situation regarding crop contamination with aflatoxins by international organizations with the required expertise is suggested to appraise where we stand presently.

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Genotoxicity of aflatoxins and their precursors in human cells

Cited by 100 publications

References 30 publications

Adverse Effects, Transformation and Channeling of Aflatoxins Into Food Raw Materials in Livestock

Adverse Effects, Transformation and Channeling of Aflatoxins Into Food Raw Materials in Livestock

Genotoxicity and mutagenicity assessment of food contaminant mixtures present in the French diet

Aflatoxins: Production, Structure, Health Issues and Incidence in Southeast Asian and Sub-Saharan African Countries

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