Genotoxicity in Artemia spp.: An old model with new sensitive endpoints

Albarano, Luisa; Ruocco, Nadia; Lofrano, Giusy; Guida, Marco; Libralato, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106320

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…Many previous studies regarding MP and leachates were conducted with D. magna (Samadi et al, 2022), a recognised model bioindicator organism for evaluating ecotoxicology (Reilly et al, 2023). Likewise, A. salina has been suggested as a model species for ecotoxicity assessments (Kalcǐḱováet al, 2012;Albarano et al, 2022). The three media were selected to assess how the properties of a natural media can influence the toxicity of the leachate, where both fresh-and seawater contained natural microbes and minerals compared to sterile MilliQ water which is both deionized and demineralized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological consequences of polystyrene naturally leached in pure, fresh, and saltwater: lethal and nonlethal toxicological responses in Daphnia magna and Artemia salina

Esterhuizen,

Lee,

Kim

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Polystyrene is widely used in disposable products and is now a ubiquitous plastic pollutant in aquatic environments, where it degrades into smaller particles that leach potentially toxic chemicals. However, knowledge regarding the impacts of plastic leachates remains limited. This study investigates the lethal and nonlethal effects of polystyrene leachate on two ecologically significant aquatic organisms, Daphnia magna (water flea) and Artemia salina (brine shrimp). Polystyrene leachates were prepared in seawater, freshwater, and sterile, pure water by incubating the material in each of the media under natural conditions for six months. D. magna and A. salina were exposed to varying concentrations of the leachates under controlled laboratory conditions, monitoring their survival, as well as measuring reactive oxygen species and antioxidant responses as superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. The data show that A. salina was more significantly affected with higher mortality observed at lower leachate concentrations, potentially linked to seawater enhancing the leaching of toxic additives. Moreover, at non-lethal concentrations, the antioxidative responses maintained homeostasis in both organisms. Considering the current reported microplastic concentrations in the aquatics and the adequate antioxidative response, leachate from plastic potentially does not pose a severe threat to these organisms. Nevertheless, hydrological characteristics of waterbodies may cause microplastic hotspots, which could significantly concentrate plastics and thus their leachates, necessitating action to reduce the current microplastic pollution level and avoid future surges. This study highlights the ecological significance of polystyrene pollution, emphasizing the need for more comprehensive regulatory measures and the development of sustainable alternatives to polystyrene-based products. The distinct responses of D. magna and A. salina imply that the impact of plastic pollution varies among species, necessitating further research to elucidate broader ecological consequences. Understanding how polystyrene leachate affects keystone species provides crucial insights into the overall implications for aquatic ecosystems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological consequences of polystyrene naturally leached in pure, fresh, and saltwater: lethal and nonlethal toxicological responses in Daphnia magna and Artemia salina

Esterhuizen,

Lee,

Kim

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Most assessments focused on hatching, mortality, and swimming for detecting acute/chronic toxicity [5][6][7]. Meanwhile, Next Generation Sequences (NGS) approaches provide a new light to evaluate the toxicity reaction of Artemia from micro level [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cefotaxime Exposure-Caused Oxidative Stress, Intestinal Damage and Gut Microbial Disruption in Artemia sinica

Pang,

Zheng,

Wang

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Cefotaxime (CTX) is an easily detectable antibiotic pollutant in the water environment, but little is known about its toxic effects on aquatic invertebrates, especially on the intestine. Here, we determined the oxidative stress conditions of A. sinica under CTX exposure with five concentrations (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/L) for 14 days. After that, we focused on changes in intestinal tissue morphology and gut microbiota in A. sinica caused by CTX exposure at 0.01 mg/L. We found malondialdehyde (MDA) was elevated in CTX treatment groups, suggesting the obvious antibiotic-induced oxidative stress. We also found CTX exposure at 0.01 mg/L decreased the villus height and muscularis thickness in gut tissue. The 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that CTX exposure reshaped the gut microbiota diversity and community composition. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and Bacteroidota were the most widely represented phyla in A. sinica gut. The exposure to CTX led to the absence of Verrucomicrobia in dominant phyla and an increase in Bacteroidota abundance. At the genus level, eleven genera with an abundance greater than 0.1% exhibited statistically significant differences among groups. Furthermore, changes in gut microbiota composition were accompanied by modifications in gut microbiota functions, with an up-regulation in amino acid and drug metabolism functions and a down-regulation in xenobiotic biodegradation and lipid metabolism-related functions under CTX exposure. Overall, our study enhances our understanding of the intestinal damage and microbiota disorder caused by the cefotaxime pollutant in aquatic invertebrates, which would provide guidance for healthy aquaculture.

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“…Recently, Artemia spp. has also been a candidate model for the genotoxicity of emerging pollutants [12,13]. Evidence from ecotoxicological studies on its larvae suggests individual and collective predictive value, suggesting not only possible consequences on individual aquatic organisms but also possible alterations in the physiology and biodiversity of an entire biological ecosystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sublethal Effects of Polystyrene Nanoplastics on the Embryonic Development of Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Contino,

Ferruggia,

Indelicato

et al. 2023

Animals

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Currents, wave motion, solar radiation, and abrasion are mechanisms responsible for the degradation of large plastic artifacts and contribute to the dispersion of micro and nanoplastics into aquatic ecosystems, which are, currently, the most dangerous threats due to their invisibility and persistence. The present work evaluated the possible lethal and sublethal effects of amino-modified polystyrene nanoplastics (nPS-NH2) with diameters of 50 nm and 100 nm on Artemia salina (A. salina), an organism at the base of the trophic chain of the aquatic system, using a widely used model for the analysis of embryotoxicity from environmental pollutants. For this purpose, after evaluating the biodistribution of nanoplastics in the body of the tested animals, several endpoints such as anomalies, apoptosis, and ROS production were assessed. In addition, particular attention was dedicated to evaluating the correlation between toxicity and the particle size tested. The results reported that, despite the absence of a lethal impact, several sublethal effects involving gut and body size malformations, as well as the enhancement of apoptosis and oxidative stress in relation to an increase in tested concentration and a decrease in nanoparticle size.

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Genotoxicity in Artemia spp.: An old model with new sensitive endpoints

Cited by 10 publications

References 131 publications

Ecotoxicological consequences of polystyrene naturally leached in pure, fresh, and saltwater: lethal and nonlethal toxicological responses in Daphnia magna and Artemia salina

Ecotoxicological consequences of polystyrene naturally leached in pure, fresh, and saltwater: lethal and nonlethal toxicological responses in Daphnia magna and Artemia salina

Cefotaxime Exposure-Caused Oxidative Stress, Intestinal Damage and Gut Microbial Disruption in Artemia sinica

Sublethal Effects of Polystyrene Nanoplastics on the Embryonic Development of Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758)

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