Genotoxicity and Clastogenicity of Bisphenol A

Abstract

Objectives: This review represents a critical and constructive analysis of literature in the content of genotoxicity and clastogenicity of Bisphenol A. The review is generated through summary, classification, analysis and comparison of already existing material and researches on field.Methods: Databases as Scopus, PubMed, Medline and Web of Science were used to extract data for the review. Search terms like "Bisphenol A", "endocrine disruptors","clastogenicity" and "genotoxicity" were inquired. Out of 350 research articles screened, 60 most relevant studies are included in this review. Conclusion :This review highlights the endocrine disrupting potential of Bisphenol A, thus leading to genotoxic and clastogenic events, especially impacting fragile categories like pregnant women, infants and children. BPA induces oxidative stress, inflammatory response, DNA strand break, chromosome aberrations and epigenetic changes, affecting neuroendocrine and reproductive system, metabolism, immunity, liver function, and increases the incidence of thyroid, liver, breast, uterine and ovary cancer.We can conclude that human exposure to BPA, as one of the leading environmental contaminants, represents a major global issue. BPA by its genotoxic and clastogenic potential can be debilitating for human health. Further research on field considering BPA distribution, varying exposure rates, racial disparities and interspecies differences, should be conducted. Avoiding exposure to BPA and finding safer alternatives to refine, reduce or replace BPA in market should remain a priority.