Genotoxic effects of Roundup Full II® on lymphocytes of Chaetophractus villosus (Xenarthra, Mammalia): In vitro studies

Luaces, Juan Pablo; Rossi, Luis Francisco; Chirino, Mónica Gabriela; Browne, Melanie; Merani, María Susana; Mudry, Marta Dolores

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0182911

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The effect, however, has erroneously attributed to glyphosate (Cai et al, 2017). Among mammals, significant increases in chromosome aberration (including chromatid breaks) frequencies and sister chromatid exchanges per cell were seen in large hairy armadillo Chaetophractus villosus peripheral blood lymphocytes upon treatment with Roundup Full II R at doses corresponding to glyphosate concentrations of 0.065-0.26 mg/ml, confirming genotoxicity of the formulated glyphosate-based herbicide, evaluated by cellular and genetic biomarkers e.g., the mitotic index, cell proliferation kinetics, as well as frequencies of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges (Luaces et al, 2017;Rossi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Registration Of Glyphosate In the European Unionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Re-registration Challenges of Glyphosate in the European Union

Székacs

Darvas

2018

Front. Environ. Sci.

104

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Section: Registration Of Glyphosate In the European Unionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Re-registration Challenges of Glyphosate in the European Union

Székacs

Darvas

2018

Front. Environ. Sci.

104

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“…In this study, and compared to the control group, none of the concentrations of RF used were able to induce an increase in neutrophil migration to the injured site. In contrast, other studies have shown the induction of pro-inflammatory states with exposure to glyphosate-containing compounds [ 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis Effects in Zebrafish Larvae after Rapid Exposure to a Commercial Glyphosate Formulation

et al. 2021

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Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are the most used herbicides in the world, carrying potentially adverse consequences to the environment and non-target species due to their massive and inadequate use. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of acute exposure to a commercial formulation of glyphosate, Roundup® Flex (RF), at environmentally relevant and higher concentrations in zebrafish larvae through the assessment of the inflammatory, oxidative stress and cell death response. Transgenic Tg(mpxGFP)i114 and wild-type (WT) zebrafish larvae (72 h post-fertilisation) were exposed to 1, 5, and 10 µg mL−1 of RF (based on the active ingredient concentration) for 4 h 30 min. A concentration of 2.5 µg mL−1 CuSO4 was used as a positive control. Copper sulphate exposure showed effectiveness in enhancing the inflammatory profile by increasing the number of neutrophils, nitric oxide (NO) levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cell death. None of the RF concentrations tested showed changes in the number of neutrophils and NO. However, the concentration of 10 µg a.i. mL−1 was able to induce an increase in ROS levels and cell death. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)), the biotransformation activity, the levels of reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione, lipid peroxidation (LPO), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were similar among groups. Overall, the evidence may suggest toxicological effects are dependent on the concentration of RF, although at concentrations that are not routinely detected in the environment. Additional studies are needed to better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of this formulation.

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“…In peripheral blood lymphocytes from the armadillo Chaetophractus villosus, exposure to RoundUp V R induced more sister-chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations (mostly chromatid breaks) (Luaces et al 2017). Those authors interpreted these outcomes as a sign of alterations in chromosome replication; this was supported by an observation of a slight reduction in the replication index.…”

Section: Genotoxicity and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 93%

The impact and toxicity of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on health and immunity

Peillex

Pelletier

2020

Journal of Immunotoxicology

177

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Glyphosate, or N-phosphomethyl(glycine), is an organophosphorus compound and a competitive inhibitor of the shikimate pathway that allows aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in plants and microorganisms. Its utilization in broad-spectrum herbicides, such as RoundUp V R , has continued to increase since 1974; glyphosate, as well as its primary metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid, is measured in soils, water, plants, animals and food. In humans, glyphosate is detected in blood and urine, especially in exposed workers, and is excreted within a few days. It has long been regarded as harmless in animals, but growing literature has reported health risks associated with glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides. In 2017, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified glyphosate as "probably carcinogenic" in humans. However, other national agencies did not tighten their glyphosate restrictions and even prolonged authorizations of its use. There are also discrepancies between countries' authorized levels, demonstrating an absence of a clear consensus on glyphosate to date. This review details the effects of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on fish and mammal health, focusing on the immune system. Increasing evidence shows that glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides exhibit cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, increase oxidative stress, disrupt the estrogen pathway, impair some cerebral functions, and allegedly correlate with some cancers. Glyphosate effects on the immune system appear to alter the complement cascade, phagocytic function, and lymphocyte responses, and increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in fish. In mammals, including humans, glyphosate mainly has cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, causes inflammation, and affects lymphocyte functions and the interactions between microorganisms and the immune system. Importantly, even as many outcomes are still being debated, evidence points to a need for more studies to better decipher the risks from glyphosate and better regulation of its global utilization.

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Genotoxic effects of Roundup Full II® on lymphocytes of Chaetophractus villosus (Xenarthra, Mammalia): In vitro studies

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Re-registration Challenges of Glyphosate in the European Union

Re-registration Challenges of Glyphosate in the European Union

Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis Effects in Zebrafish Larvae after Rapid Exposure to a Commercial Glyphosate Formulation

The impact and toxicity of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on health and immunity

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