Genotoxic effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil, evaluated by Helix aspersa (Müller, 1774)

Ianistcki, Martus; Dallarosa, Juliana Braga; Sauer, C.; Teixeira, C.E.; Silva, Juliana da

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2009.02.025

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The WHO has suggested that the maximum PM 2.5 concentration without incurring health risks is 25 μ g/m 3 (24-hour mean) [26]. It has been demonstrated that for each 10 μ g/m 3 increase in PM concentration, the risk of mortality from cardiopulmonary diseases increases 6%, while the risk of mortality from lung cancer rises 8% [27]. High levels of PM 2.5 were also detected in a previous study conducted from April to July 2010 at these same sites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitro-Derived in Respirable Airborne Particulate Matter Collected from Urban Areas of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

Rainho

Corrêa

Mazzei

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Air pollution toxic effects are mainly attributed to small inhalable particulates with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM 2.5). Our objective was to investigate mutagenic and clastogenic activity in PM samples collected in Rio de Janeiro. Samples were collected using a high-volume sampler at three sites: with low traffic and (2) and (3) with a heavy traffic. Six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and the derivative strains YG1021 and YG1024 were used in mutagenicity assays in the presence of organic extracts (10–50 µg/ plate) with and without exogenous metabolization. Allium cepa test was performed to evaluate possible cytotoxic and clastogenic activities. The highest PM 2.5 µm (132.73 µm/m3) and PAH values (1.22 ng/m3 for benzo(a)pyrene) were detected at site 3. High mutagenic frameshift responses in absence and presence of metabolic activation were detected at site 3. The participation of nitroarenes and dinitroarenes was detected in the total mutagenicity of the extracts studied. The cytotoxic effect and the abnormalities detected by Allium cepa test can be attributed to the PAH nitroderivatives in the organic extracts. Evaluation of the genotoxicity of urban airborne particulate matter is important as a basis for decision making by regulatory authorities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitro-Derived in Respirable Airborne Particulate Matter Collected from Urban Areas of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

Rainho

Corrêa

Mazzei

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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“…In the present study, the results of the Comet assay and MN test (Table 1 and Figure 1) of hemolymph from snails ( H. aspersa ) fed tobacco leaves were significantly higher than those of the control group (fed lettuce). The application of the Comet assay in these snails has been shown to be an inexpensive, effective and sensitive method for assessing the genotoxicity of chemical mixtures (Ianistcki et al , 2009). The Comet assay detects recent lesions that can be repaired, such as breaks and alkali-labile sites, while the MN test detects non-repairable damage, such as clastogenic and aneugenic lesions (Villela et al , 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alkaline Comet assay was done as described by Singh et al (1998) with several modifications for hemolymph (Ianistcki et al , 2009). Images of 100 randomly selected cells (50 cells from each of two replicate slides) were analyzed for each individual.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of Nicotiana tabacum leaves on Helix aspersa

et al. 2013

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Tobacco farmers are routinely exposed to complex mixtures of inorganic and organic chemicals present in tobacco leaves. In this study, we examined the genotoxicity of tobacco leaves in the snail Helix aspersa as a measure of the risk to human health. DNA damage was evaluated using the micronucleus test and the Comet assay and the concentration of cytochrome P450 enzymes was estimated. Two groups of snails were studied: one fed on tobacco leaves and one fed on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) leaves (control group). All of the snails received leaves (tobacco and lettuce leaves were the only food provided) and water ad libitum. Hemolymph cells were collected after 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. The Comet assay and micronucleus test showed that exposure to tobacco leaves for different periods of time caused significant DNA damage. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes occurred only in the tobacco group. Chemical analysis indicated the presence of the alkaloid nicotine, coumarins, saponins, flavonoids and various metals. These results show that tobacco leaves are genotoxic in H. aspersa and inhibit cytochrome P450 activity, probably through the action of the complex chemical mixture present in the plant.

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“…PM10 can only penetrate the upper respiratory tract, whereas PM2.5 can penetrate the lungs and cause various diseases (Claxton and Woodall Jr., 2007). It has been demonstrated that for each 10 µg/m 3 increase in PM concentration, the risk of mortality from cardiopulmonary diseases increases 6%, while the risk of mortality from lung cancer rises 8% (Ianistcki et al, 2009). Our results showed high concentrations of PM2.5 at sites 1 and 3.…”

Section: Airborne Pmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of health risk due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present in urban air in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Rainho¹,

Velho²,

Corrêa³

et al. 2013

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Risk assessment can provide a comprehensive estimate of potential effects of contaminants under specific, well-defined, and well-described circumstances, providing quantitative relationships between exposure and effects to identify and to define areas of concern. We investigated the mutagenic activity of particulate matter in air samples collected from three sites in Rio de Janeiro city. Samples were collected using a high-volume sampler at Avenida Brasil, at Campus of Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, and at Rebouças Tunnel. Six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and the derivative strains TA98/1.8-DNP 6 , YG1021, and YG1024, Health risk in urban airborne in Rio de Janeiro commonly used in mutagenicity assays, were treated (10-50 µg/plate), with and without exogenous metabolization. The highest values for the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected at Rebouças Tunnel. For chrysene, as an example, the concentration was nearly 200 times higher than that established by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Frequent traffic jams can place bus drivers who go through the Rebouças Tunnel at risk of exposure to up to 0.69 ng/m 3 benzo(a) pyrene. Independent of exogenous metabolization, mutagenicity was detected in strains YG1021 and YG1024 at all the sites, suggesting nitro and amino derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Rebouças Tunnel air samples gave the highest values for rev/µg and rev/m 3 . This could be due to the fact that the long, enclosed passageway through a mountain restricts ventilation. The cancer risk estimate in this study was 10 -3 for the benzo(a)pyrene, at the two sites, indicating a high risk.

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Genotoxic effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil, evaluated by Helix aspersa (Müller, 1774)

Cited by 33 publications

References 28 publications

Genotoxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitro-Derived in Respirable Airborne Particulate Matter Collected from Urban Areas of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

Genotoxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitro-Derived in Respirable Airborne Particulate Matter Collected from Urban Areas of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

Genotoxicity of Nicotiana tabacum leaves on Helix aspersa

Prediction of health risk due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present in urban air in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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