Genotoxic and mutagenic assessment of iron oxide (maghemite-γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticle in the guppy Poecilia reticulata

Abstract

The environmental risk of nanomaterials (NMs) designed and used in nanoremediation process is of emerging concern, but their ecotoxic effects to aquatic organism remains unclear. In this study, the citrate-coated (maghemite) nanoparticles (IONPs) were synthesized and its genotoxic and mutagenic effects were investigated in the female guppy Poecilia reticulata. Fish were exposed to IONPs at environmentally relevant iron concentration (0.3 mg L) during 21 days and the animals were collected at the beginning of the experiment and after 3, 7, 14 and 21 days of exposure. The genotoxicity and mutagenicity were evaluated in terms of DNA damage (comet assay), micronucleus (MN) test and erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENA) frequency. Results showed differential genotoxic and mutagenic effects of IONPs in the P. reticulata according to exposure time. The IONP induced DNA damage in P. reticulata after acute (3 and 7 days) and long-term exposure (14 and 21 days), while the mutagenic effects were observed only after long-term exposure. The DNA damage and the total ENA frequency increase linearly over the exposure time, indicating a higher induction rate of clastogenic and aneugenic effects in P. reticulata erythrocytes after long-term exposure to IONPs. Results indicated that the P. reticulata erythrocytes are target of ecotoxicity of IONPs.

Effects of Fe3O4 Nanoparticle Stress on the Growth and Development of Rocket Eruca sativa

“…Nanotechnologies becomes more and more a popular field of industry, and nanomaterials can today be used in a large variety of products such as cosmetics, paints, and electronic devices [28]. As increased production of NPs leads to their release into the environment, the phytotoxicity of these nanoparticles on plants must be evaluated [3]. In this study, the effect of Fe 3 O 4 NPs on the growth and development of rocket seedlings was investigated.…”

“…Engineered iron oxide nanoparticles have unique electric and magnetic properties, such as large surface area, adjustable surface charge, and high reactivity that lead to increased production and use of these NPs [1,2]. Fe 3 O 4 NPs are effectively applied in medicine, wastewater remediation, biosensors, and electronics [3]. Iron oxide NPs are found in different product categories, such as paints, construction materials, cosmetics, catalysts, batteries, and plastics [2].…”

Regulation of lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in diverse species

“…Iron-containing nanoparticles used to initiate the Fenton reaction induce genotoxic stress in zebrafish endocrine tissue (Ahmad et al 2016) and guppy erythrocytes (Qualhato et al 2017). Defects in ferroportin expression, which limit extracellular iron release, cause iron storage disease and promote lipid peroxidation in avian liver, heart, and spleen (Cork 2000;Pavone et al 2014).…”

Plant Explants Grown on Medium Supplemented with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Have a Significant Increase in Embryogenesis

“…In addition, the increasing release of NPs in the environment in the future is predicted [4]. NPs may enter both aquatic and ground/soil environments through the direct use due to planned release for toxicity elimination, wastewater treatment, spillages, and deposition from the air [5,6]. For instance, magnetite displays unique electric and magnetic properties through both Fe…”