Genomics of the Asian rice gall midge and its interactions with rice

Sinha, Deepak K.; Atray, Isha; Agarrwal, Ruchi; Bentur, J. S.; Nair, Suresh

doi:10.1016/j.cois.2017.03.004

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…shifts the developmental process from a reproductive phase to a vegetative phase 3 . Various studies have described and defined the mechanism involved during rice defense 1 and the ARGM counter defense 4 but no study has reported the involvement of microbes in the ARGM-rice interaction. Moreover, insect associated microbiome is known to be involved in a three-way interaction between plant-insect-microbe 5 and therefore, information regarding identity and diversity of bacterial community composition within the ARGM from both susceptible and resistant rice hosts is likely to contribute towards a better understanding of ARGM biology and gall midge-rice interactions as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Community Structure in the Asian Rice Gall Midge Reveals a Varied Microbiome Rich in Proteobacteria

Ojha

Sinha

Padmakumari

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The Asian rice gall midge (ARGM) has emerged as a model gall forming pest of rice. The ARGM infestation of rice results in failure of panicle formation and economic loss. Understanding the molecular basis of ARGM-rice interactions is very crucial in order to control this devastating pest of rice. The current investigation was devised to identify bacterial communities present in the ARGM and in addition the bacterial diversity in the maggots during their interaction with susceptible or resistant rice varieties. Sequencing of 16S rRNA bacterial gene (V3-V4 region) revealed differences in the microflora of the ARGM maggots feeding on susceptible or resistant rice hosts. Results revealed that Wolbachia was the predominant bacterium in pupae and adults while Pseudomonas was predominant in maggots. Further, we observed that members of proteobacteria were predominant across all the samples. There was high species diversity in maggots isolated from susceptible rice and a high representation of unclassified bacteria in maggots isolated from resistant rice. This is the first study that reports variation of microbiome of the ARGM, based on host phenotype from which it was isolated, and results suggest that these variations could have an important role in host’s susceptibility.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Community Structure in the Asian Rice Gall Midge Reveals a Varied Microbiome Rich in Proteobacteria

Ojha

Sinha

Padmakumari

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Rice defense against BB, BL and GM has been fairly well studied in isolation. Interactions between rice and gall midge (Bentur et al 2016 ; Sinha et al 2017 ) display gene-for-gene interaction but with diversity mainly determined by the plant resistance gene and the insect biotype. Two of the R genes – Gm1 and Gm8 - confer HR independent (HR- type) resistance, rest of the known genes confer resistance through expression of HR (HR+ type) at the feeding site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Profile of Defense Genes in Rice Lines Pyramided with Resistance Genes Against Bacterial Blight, Fungal Blast and Insect Gall Midge

Divya

Madhavi

Dass

et al. 2018

Rice

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BackgroundRice, a major food crop of the world, endures many major biotic stresses like bacterial blight (BB), fungal blast (BL) and the insect Asian rice gall midge (GM) that cause significant yield losses. Progress in tagging, mapping and cloning of several resistance (R) genes against aforesaid stresses has led to marker assisted multigene introgression into elite cultivars for multiple and durable resistance. However, no detailed study has been made on possible interactions among these genes when expressed simultaneously under combined stresses.ResultsOur studies monitored expression profiles of 14 defense related genes in 11 rice breeding lines derived from an elite cultivar with different combination of R genes against BB, BL and GM under single and multiple challenge. Four of the genes found implicated earlier under combined GM and BB stress were confirmed to be induced (≥ 2 fold) in stem tissue following GM infestation; while one of these, cytochrome P450 family protein, was also induced in leaf in plants challenged by either BB or BL but not together. Three of the genes highlighted earlier in plants challenged by both BB and BL were also found induced in stem under GM challenge. Pi54 the target R gene against BL was also found induced when challenged by GM. Though expression of some genes was noted to be inhibited under combined pest challenge, such effects did not result in compromise in resistance against any of the target pests.ConclusionWhile R genes generally tended to respond to specific pest challenge, several of the downstream defense genes responded to multiple pest challenge either single, sequential or simultaneous, without any distinct antagonism in expression of resistance to the target pests in two of the pyramided lines RPNF05 and RPNF08.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12284-018-0231-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…In India also, it is rated as the third most important pest of rice in terms of spread, severity of the damage, and yield loss (Bentur, 2015). It is most prevalent in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Odisha, Assam, Manipur, and in certain niches of West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh of India (Chelliah et al, 1989;Rajamani et al, 1998;Samui et al, 2004;Sinha et al, 2017). Gall midge biotype 3 is one of the important insect pests in the Northern Telangana Zone of Telangana State which results in considerable yield losses as affected tillers bear no panicles or grains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KNM 1638 - A High Yielding Gall Midge Resistant Early Duration PJTSAU Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Variety Suitable for Telangana State

Sreedhar¹,

Raju²,

Chandramohan³

et al. 2022

IJBSM

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The promising high yielding rice genotype, KNM 1638 is a medium slender, early duration (120 –125 days) and photo insensitive culture with high yield potential (7356 kg ha-1) having resistance to gall midge and leaf blast, and moderately resistant to neck blast with better adaptability. This rice culture KNM 1638, a derivative of the cross JGL 11727×JGL 17004 was released through State Varietal Release Committee on the name of Kunaram Vari 2 for Telangana state during the year 2021 as an alternate variety to BPT 5204. It has semi-dwarf plant type with moderate tillering, semi-erect flag leaf, all plant parts green, semi-compact well exerted semi-erect attitude of branching panicle, straw-colored awn less grains and its grain classified as a translucent medium slender grain. In the overall performance, KNM 1638 recorded mean productivity of 7356 kg ha-1 in the eight years of trials with 12.8% increase over the check varieties. It has good grain, cooking and eating quality, and good marketing facility as quality-wise it recorded 63% head rice recovery and 21.47% amylose content with soft gel consistency and moderate gelatinization temperature. The rice variety, KNM 1638 is suitable for cultivation during kharif, late kharif and rabi seasons throughout Telangana State with higher yield, better pest and disease resistance and good cooking quality in comparison to the check varieties.

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Genomics of the Asian rice gall midge and its interactions with rice

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Bacterial Community Structure in the Asian Rice Gall Midge Reveals a Varied Microbiome Rich in Proteobacteria

Bacterial Community Structure in the Asian Rice Gall Midge Reveals a Varied Microbiome Rich in Proteobacteria

Expression Profile of Defense Genes in Rice Lines Pyramided with Resistance Genes Against Bacterial Blight, Fungal Blast and Insect Gall Midge

KNM 1638 - A High Yielding Gall Midge Resistant Early Duration PJTSAU Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Variety Suitable for Telangana State

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