Genomics, Lifestyles and Future Prospects of Wood-Decay and Litter-Decomposing Basidiomycota

Lundell, Taina; Mäkelä, Miia; Vries, Ronald P. de; Hildén, Kristiina

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397940-7.00011-2

Cited by 114 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…These relations to water-soluble lignin fragments and total lignin confirm the crucial role of MnP in lignin degradation, which was proposed after laboratory studies demonstrating the ability of MnP to depolymerize lignin and even to mineralize it to CO 2 Kapich et al 1999). In this context, it is also noteworthy to mention that MnP is the most frequent type of peroxidase secreted not only by wood-rot WRF but also by leaf-litter dwelling basidiomycetes (Hofrichter et al 2010;Lundell et al 2014). The significance of MnP for ligninolysis was further emphasized by the frequency of a characteristic fraction of water-soluble lignin fragments (with a molecular mass around 1 kDa indicative for MnP attack) occurring in 70 % of all samples ( Fig.…”

Section: Lacc Genp and Mnp Activities Are Crucial For Lignin Conversmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Nevertheless, the copper concentrations (interquartile range 3-7 lM; Online Resource: Table S8)-and also the iron levels (interquartile range 13-53 lM; Online Resource: Table S8)-in wood were found to be sufficient for fungal growth and functioning of their enzymes. Copper and iron regulate the cellular metabolism and gene expression, and are also needed as cofactors in multiple core metabolic enzymes, receptors and trafficking of structural proteins (Baldrian 2003;Huffman and O'Halloran 2001;Lundell et al 2014;Philpott 2006).…”

Section: Optimum Parameters For Lacc Genp and Mnp Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The degradation of lignin is of fundamental importance for the global carbon cycle (Dixon et al 1994;Lundell et al 2014;Weedon et al 2009), especially in dead wood that represents globally 5 % of organic carbon in forest ecosystems (FAO 2010). Lignin represents a barrier in wood that protects cellulose and hemicelluloses from microbial degradation (Kirk 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of laccase and peroxidases in coarse woody debris of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris and their relation to different wood parameters

et al. 2015

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Lignin and its degradation, particularly in forest ecosystems, play a major role in the global carbon cycle. Filamentous fungi equipped with extracellular oxidoreductases (oxidative enzymes), i.e., laccase, manganese-dependent peroxidases and several other peroxidases, are the key players in the bioconversion of lignin. In particular, for coarse woody debris (CWD), this process is poorly understood and the activities of laccase and peroxidases have never been studied on a large field scale. We investigated the activities of these enzymes in 701 samples of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris CWD across three regions in Germany and analyzed their dependence on pH, water content, wood density, total lignin, organic extractives, metals, watersoluble lignin fragments and fungal species richness. Respective enzyme activities were present in 79 % of all samples, and the activities were highly variable and more frequent in F. sylvatica than in coniferous wood. Logistic regressions and correlations between enzyme activities and the variables revealed that the fungal community structure and the amount of water-soluble lignin fragments are most important determinants, and that the prevalent acidic pH in CWD is suitable to facilitate laccase and manganese peroxidase activities. Concentrations of metals (manganese, copper, iron) were sufficient to ensure synthesis and functioning of relevant enzymes. Based on this large field study, we conclude that laccase and peroxidases in CWD are highly relevant for lignin degradation, but the variable pattern of their secretion is the result of a complex array of wood parameters and the fungal community structure, which could only partly be resolved.

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Section: Lacc Genp and Mnp Activities Are Crucial For Lignin Conversmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Optimum Parameters For Lacc Genp and Mnp Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of laccase and peroxidases in coarse woody debris of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris and their relation to different wood parameters

et al. 2015

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“…These fungi are commonly called "white rot" fungi, and are usually found on fallen trees or in forest litter. The majority of these species belong to the genera Poria, Polyporus, Pleurotus, Phanerochaete, Fomes, Bjerkandera, and Trametes (Lundell et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, T. versicolor may be a superior model for studying the degradation of deciduous wood. Unfortunately, few studies have investigated transcriptomic differences regarding genes involved in wood degradation in T. versicolor or described expression of its genes at the RNA level (Barrasa et al1995;Furukawa et al 2014;Lundell et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Profile of Lignocellulose Degradation from Trametes versicolor on Poplar Wood

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

BioResources

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The Trametes versicolor genome is predicted to encode many enzymes that effectively degrade lignin, making it a potentially useful tool for biopulping. However, the wood degradation mechanism of T. versicolor is not clear. To identify the enzymes that contribute to lignocellulose degradation, changes in the T. versicolor transcriptome during growth on poplar wood, relative to growth on glucose medium, were evaluated. Eight hundred and fifty-three genes were differentially expressed, with 360 genes up-regulated and 493 genes were down-regulated on poplar wood. Notably, most genes involved in lignin degradation were upregulated, including eight lignin peroxidase (LiP) genes. Genes encoding cellulose and hemicellulose degrading-enzymes were mostly downregulated, including six endo-β-1,4-glucanase genes and three cellobiohydrolase I genes. These results characterized transcriptomic changes related to lignocellulose degradation. This information could be used to develop T. versicolor as a tool to improve the efficiency of lignin degradation or to provide a theoretical foundation for a new paper pulp manufacturing process.

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Transcriptional shifts in delignification‐defective mutants of the white‐rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus

Nakazawa

Takenaka

et al. 2020

FEBS Letters

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White-rot fungi efficiently degrade lignin and, thus, play a pivotal role in the global carbon cycle. However, the mechanisms of lignin degradation are largely unknown. Recently, mutations in four genes, namely wtr1, chd1, pex1, and gat1, were shown to abrogate the wood lignin-degrading ability of Pleurotus ostreatus. In this study, we conducted a comparative transcriptome analysis to identify genes that are differentially expressed in ligninolysis-deficient mutant strains. Putative ligninolytic genes that are highly expressed in parental strains are significantly downregulated in the mutant strains. On the contrary, many putative cellulolytic and xylanolytic genes are upregulated in the chd1-1, Dpex1, and Dgat1 strains. Identifying transcriptional alterations in mutant strains could provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of lignocellulolytic genes in P. ostreatus.

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Genomics, Lifestyles and Future Prospects of Wood-Decay and Litter-Decomposing Basidiomycota

Cited by 114 publications

References 99 publications

Patterns of laccase and peroxidases in coarse woody debris of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris and their relation to different wood parameters

Patterns of laccase and peroxidases in coarse woody debris of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris and their relation to different wood parameters

Transcriptomic Profile of Lignocellulose Degradation from Trametes versicolor on Poplar Wood

Transcriptional shifts in delignification‐defective mutants of the white‐rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus

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