Genomic tools reveal complex social organization of an invasive large mammal (Sus scrofa)

Titus, Chelsea L.; Bowden, Courtney F.; Smyser, Timothy J.; Webb, Stephen L.; Beasley, James C.

doi:10.1007/s10530-022-02840-4

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Strategies for managing invasive and feral wildlife species increasingly depend on population genetic analyses to evaluate genetic structure [ 42 ], identify sources of new population outbreaks [ 43 ] and understand the evolutionary history of invasive introductions [ 44 ]. SNP datasets can be utilized at fine geographic scales to better understand fundamental aspects of breeding biology, demographic turnover, and kin structure in pest populations [ 45 ]. Yet despite rapid technological advances in sequencing technology, there is routinely a need for methods that enable quick and relatively inexpensive genotyping at the scale of hundreds to thousands of SNPs for tens to hundreds of individuals sampled across multiple populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From chip to SNP: Rapid development and evaluation of a targeted capture genotyping-by-sequencing approach to support research and management of a plaguing rodent

Oh,

Van de Weyer,

Ruscoe

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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The management of invasive species has been greatly enhanced by population genetic analyses of multilocus single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) datasets that provide critical information regarding pest population structure, invasion pathways, and reproductive biology. For many applications there is a need for protocols that offer rapid, robust and efficient genotyping on the order of hundreds to thousands of SNPs, that can be tailored to specific study populations and that are scalable for long-term monitoring schemes. Despite its status as a model laboratory species, there are few existing resources for studying wild populations of house mice (Mus musculus spp.) that strike this balance between data density and laboratory efficiency. Here we evaluate the utility of a custom targeted capture genotyping-by-sequencing approach to support research on plaguing house mouse populations in Australia. This approach utilizes 3,651 hybridization capture probes targeting genome-wide SNPs identified from a sample of mice collected in grain-producing regions of southeastern Australia genotyped using a commercially available microarray platform. To assess performance of the custom panel, we genotyped wild caught mice (N = 320) from two adjoining farms and demonstrate the ability to correctly assign individuals to source populations with high confidence (mean >95%), as well as robust kinship inference within sites. We discuss these results in the context of proposed applications for future genetic monitoring of house mice in Australia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From chip to SNP: Rapid development and evaluation of a targeted capture genotyping-by-sequencing approach to support research and management of a plaguing rodent

Oh,

Van de Weyer,

Ruscoe

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Furthermore, the extent of movements was strongly influenced by the availability of high‐quality bottomland habitats, with individuals released in low‐quality coniferous forests making more extensive movements. Wild pigs are a socially dynamic species that frequently live in social groups 45 . Thus, while this previous study revealed insights into the movement behavior of invasive wild pigs introduced into novel environments, it did not account for how the social dynamics of wild pigs could potentially alter movement after translocation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Wild pigs are a socially dynamic species that frequently live in social groups. 45 Thus, while this previous study revealed insights into the movement behavior of invasive wild pigs introduced into novel environments, it did not account for how the social dynamics of wild pigs could potentially alter movement after translocation. Furthermore, illegal translocations of wild pigs, while unknown, likely involve release of multiple individuals simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Role of social structure in establishment of an invasive large mammal after translocation

Clontz

Yang

Chinn

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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BackgroundData on the movement behavior of translocated wild pigs is needed to develop appropriate response strategies for containing and eliminating new source populations following translocation events. We conducted experimental trials to compare the home range establishment and space‐use metrics, including the number of days and distance traveled before becoming range residents, for wild pigs translocated with their social group and individually.ResultsWe found wild pigs translocated with their social group made less extensive movements away from the release location and established a stable home range ~5 days faster than those translocated individually. We also examined how habitat quality impacted the home range sizes of translocated wild pigs and found wild pigs maintained larger ranges in areas with higher proportion of low‐quality habitat.ConclusionCollectively, our findings suggest translocations of invasive wild pigs have a greater probability of establishing a viable population near the release site when habitat quality is high and when released with members of their social unit compared to individuals moved independent of their social group or to low‐quality habitat. However, all wild pigs translocated in our study made extensive movements from their release location, highlighting the potential for single translocation events of either individuals or groups to have far‐reaching consequences within a much broader landscape beyond the location where they are released. These results highlight the challenges associated with containing populations in areas where illegal introduction of wild pigs occurs, and the need for rapid response once releases are identified. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…Wild pigs are known for their social behaviors and often form matrilineal social groups, known as sounders, to forage and provide protection from predators [74,75]. A sounder typically consists of one or more adult females (sows) and their offspring, which can include piglets of varying ages [34]. The size of a sounder can vary based on factors such as habitat, forage availability, time of year, and population density [76].…”

Section: A Molecular Epidemiological Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we conducted a case study within one of the wild pig populations to investigate the potential insights that molecular epidemiological analysis of TTSuV1 could provide for transmission studies. Our hypotheses posited that closely related pigs, especially females and juveniles, would exhibit spatial proximity given their matriarchal social structure [34]. We further hypothesized that the virus would be more likely transmitted within family groups where pigs are geographically and genetically close to one another than to unrelated individuals that were geographically disparate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torque Teno Sus Virus 1: A Potential Surrogate Pathogen to Study Pig-Transmitted Transboundary Animal Diseases

Li,

Parker,

Boughton

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Understanding the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of transboundary animal diseases (TADs) among wild pigs (Sus scrofa) will aid in preventing the introduction or containment of TADs among wild populations. Given challenges associated with studying TADs in free-ranging populations, a surrogate pathogen system forin situstudies of pathogen dynamics would be ideal to elucidate how pathogens may circulate and be maintained within populations, how they may spillover into domestic populations, and how disease spread may be mitigated. We assessed the suitability of Torque teno sus virus 1 (TTSuV1) to serve as a surrogate pathogen for molecular epidemiological studies in wild pigs by investigating the prevalence, persistence, correlation with host health status and genetic variability at two study areas: Archbold’s Buck Island Ranch in Florida and Savannah River Site in South Carolina. We then conducted a molecular epidemiological case study within the Archbold’s Buck Island Ranch site to determine how analysis of this pathogen could inform transmission studies. Prevalence was high at both study areas (40%,n= 190). Phylogenetic analyses revealed high levels of genetic variability within and between study sites. Our case study showed that pairwise host relatedness and geographic distance were highly correlated to pairwise viral genetic similarity. Molecular epidemiological analyses revealed a distinct pattern of direct transmission from pig to pig occurring within and between family groups. Our results suggest TTSuV1 is highly suitable for molecular epidemiological analyses and will be useful for futurein situstudies of transmission dynamics in wild pigs.

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Genomic tools reveal complex social organization of an invasive large mammal (Sus scrofa)

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

From chip to SNP: Rapid development and evaluation of a targeted capture genotyping-by-sequencing approach to support research and management of a plaguing rodent

From chip to SNP: Rapid development and evaluation of a targeted capture genotyping-by-sequencing approach to support research and management of a plaguing rodent

Role of social structure in establishment of an invasive large mammal after translocation

Torque Teno Sus Virus 1: A Potential Surrogate Pathogen to Study Pig-Transmitted Transboundary Animal Diseases

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