Genomic Sequence Analysis of the Mouse <i>Naip</i> Gene Array

Endrizzi, Matthew G.; Hadinoto, Vey; Growney, Joseph D.; Miller, Webb; Dietrich, William F.

doi:10.1101/gr.10.8.1095

Cited by 61 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The exact structure of the Naip gene family array varies among mouse strains. For example, mice of the 129 background have an expanded central portion of the Naip array that contains two additional close relatives of the Naip6/⌬Naip gene locus (Endrizzi et al 2000;. Interestingly, the human orthologous region also contains repeats of NAIP gene sequences, although the map is uncertain because of considerable interhaplotype variability in structure (for review, see .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Mouse Genetics to Understand Infectious Disease Pathogenesis

Dietrich¹

2001

Genome Res.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Mouse Genetics to Understand Infectious Disease Pathogenesis

Dietrich¹

2001

Genome Res.

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“…58 Mouse NAIP is mainly expressed in macrophages and is encoded by seven paralogous genes, naip1 to naip7. 60 NAIP was proposed to interact with IPAF indicating that it may be part of the same caspase-1 activating complex 61 (Figure 2). NALPs, represent the largest NLRs subfamily 57 (Table 1).…”

Section: Activation Of Inflammatory Caspases: Inflammasomes and Othermentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory caspases and inflammasomes: master switches of inflammation

2006

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Fifteen years have passed since the cloning and characterization of the interleukin-1b-converting enzyme (ICE/caspase-1), the first identified member of a family of proteases currently known as caspases. Caspase-1 is the prototypical member of a subclass of caspases involved in cytokine maturation termed inflammatory caspases that also include caspase-4 caspase -5, caspase -11 and caspase -12. Efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the activation of these proteases have uncovered an important role for the NLR family members, NALPs, NAIP and IPAF. These proteins promote the assembly of multiprotein complexes termed inflammasomes, which are required for activation of inflammatory caspases. This article will review some evolutionary aspects, biochemical evidences and genetic studies, underlining the role of inflammasomes and inflammatory caspases in innate immunity against pathogens, autoinflammatory syndromes and in the biology of reproduction. Inflammatory CaspasesThe history of caspases began with the identification of an aspartate-specific protease activity involved in the conversion of the 31 kDa proIL-1b precursor to its active 17 kDa biologically active form, 1,2 and the identification of caspase-1 as the protease responsible for proIL-1b maturation. 3,4 The subsequent discovery of ced-3, that shares similarities with caspase-1 and which is involved in programmed cell death (PCD) in Caenorhabditis elegans, suggested that caspases might play fundamental roles in apoptosis. 5 As reviewed in the papers accompanying this issue of Cell Death and Differentiation, the role of apoptotic caspases in C. elegans and in vertebrates is crucial and deal with many facets of cell biology, development and diseases. In this review, we will focus on a subset of caspases present only in vertebrates and known as inflammatory caspases.Inflammatory caspases (also known as group I caspases) are encoded by three main genes in humans caspase-1, caspase-4 and caspase-5 and three main genes in mouse, caspase-1, caspase-11 and caspase-12. 6,7 In mammals, these caspases are characterized by the presence of a CARD domain at the N-terminus (Figure 1a). Human, chimp and mouse inflammatory caspases share significant similarity and are organized in a single locus (Figure 1c). Phylogenetic analysis of the conserved CARD domain suggests that the inflammatory caspases can be separated in evolutionaryrelated clusters (Figure 1b). The caspase-1 cluster contains caspase-1 and four other genes encoding decoy caspases: cop, inca1, inca2 and iceberg. These decoy caspase-1-like genes are absent in the mouse genome, suggesting that they have arisen recently by duplication of caspase-1. Although human and mouse caspase-1 are likely orthologues, sequence analysis suggests that human caspase-4 and caspase-5 have originated from a duplication of caspase-11. 7 However, the human caspase-12 gene, which in the chimp genome contains an SHG box important for it enzymatic activity, 8 evolved towards an enzymatically inactive form at some stage...

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“…The sequence of BAC 149m19 (AF131205; , BAC 26f17 (AF242431, AF242432), and P1-9045 (AF242433, AF242434, AF242435; Endrizzi et al 2000) together encompass six complete Naip genes. These include the "unique" Naip genes on the borders, Naip2 and Naip1, as well as four of the five Naip genes that lie in the central amplification, namely Naip5, Naip7, Naip6, and Naip3 ( Fig.…”

Section: Comparison Of Naip Repeat Structure Among Inbred Mouse Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution Genetic and Physical Map of theLgn1Interval in C57BL/6J ImplicatesNaip2orNaip5inLegionella pneumophilaPathogenesis

Growney¹,

Dietrich²

2000

Genome Res.

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Prior genetic and physical mapping has shown that theNaip gene cluster on mouse chromosome 13D1-D3 contains a gene, Lgn1, that is responsible for determining the permissivity of ex vivo macrophages to Legionella pneumophila replication. We have identified differences in the structure of the Naip array among commonly used inbred mouse strains, although these gross structural differences do not correlate with differences in L. pneumophilapermissiveness. A physical map of the region employing clones of the C57BL/6J haplotype confirms that there are fewer copies ofNaip in this strain than are in the physical map of the 129 haplotype. We have also refined the genetic location ofLgn1, leaving only Naip2 and Naip5as candidates for Lgn1. Our genetic map suggests the presence of two hotspots of recombination within the Naiparray, indicating that the 3′ portion of Naip may be involved in the genomic instability at this locus.[The sequence data described in this paper have been submitted to the GenBank data library under accession nos. AF240489–AF240530.]

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Genomic Sequence Analysis of the Mouse Naip Gene Array

Cited by 61 publications

References 32 publications

Using Mouse Genetics to Understand Infectious Disease Pathogenesis

Using Mouse Genetics to Understand Infectious Disease Pathogenesis

Inflammatory caspases and inflammasomes: master switches of inflammation

High-resolution Genetic and Physical Map of theLgn1Interval in C57BL/6J ImplicatesNaip2orNaip5inLegionella pneumophilaPathogenesis

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