Genomic plasticity, energy allocations, and the extended longevity phenotypes of Drosophila

Arking, Robert

doi:10.1016/s1568-1637(01)00010-1

Cited by 46 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Several studies have tried to demonstrate this theory by comparing metabolic rates (measured by the production of CO 2 and/or the consumption of O 2 ) in reproductive-young and aged organisms and by comparing reproductive parameters among strains that have different longevity. In general, the empirical evidence has been unable to prove this theory, and these studies have not been able to clearly show differences in metabolic rate between aged and young organisms, or between strains selected for a longer longevity (Arking et al, 2002;Promislow and Haselkorn, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Trends in lipid and protein contents during medfly aging: An harmonic path to death

Nestel

Papadopoulos

Liedo

et al. 2005

Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Survival and egg-laying trends were investigated in Mediterranean fruit flies (Ceratitis capitata) adults maintained on a sucrose-only diet, or on a full diet that consisted of a 3:1 sucrose and yeast hydrolizate mixture. In addition, we followed the total individual lipid and protein contents of aging flies in a cohort. Survival trends and life expectancy parameters at eclosion for males and females on full diet and for males on sucrose only were very similar. In contrast, the mortality of females on sucrose only was high early in life, but then slowed down. Egg-laying was ten times greater in female flies on full diet than in flies on sucrose only. Lipid contents in males and females on both types of diets were very similar, and harmonically oscillated with an amplitude of approximately 10 days. Successive crests of lipids tended to be smaller with the ageing of the cohort, and lipids contents significantly dropped at very advanced ages and close to the maximal age of the whole cohort. Protein contents of flies maintained on a full diet were high and stayed at a constant level throughout the entire life of the cohort. Protein levels in males and females on sucrose only dropped drastically during the first days of adult life, but then stayed stable at a low level until advanced ages. We propose that the synchronous rhythmic oscillation in lipid contents of male and female flies seems to be independently set by an internal clock. Protein reserves are allocated according to the access to protein food sources and these levels of protein are closely associated to egg production and mortality. Our results are discussed in view of resource allocation during reproduction and senescence.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Longevity has usually been associated with reproductive tradeoffs (the "antagonistic pleiotropy theory") (Arking et al, 2002). That is, the theory states that the organism will sacrifice energy aimed at reproduction and divert this energy to increase longevity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in lipid and protein contents during medfly aging: An harmonic path to death

Nestel

Papadopoulos

Liedo

et al. 2005

Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…AM is also used as an adjunctive therapy to chemo-and radiation therapy in cancer [3]. Recently there are some reports on the neuroprotective activities of the crude extract from AM [4]. In modern western medicine AM is widely used as an immune modulator, especially to support immune health for various chronic degenerative diseases [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-convulsant Effect and Mechanism of Astragalus mongholicus Extract In Vitro and In Vivo: Protection Against Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Astragalus mongholicus (AM) is a traditional medicinal herb used as a neuroprotective agent for its anxiolytic, antidepressant, antiamnestic, and antiaggresive effects. However, the mechanisms underlying its anti-convulsant properties are not well studied. In the present study, we examined the anticonvulsant effects on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice and the possible mechanisms of protection against oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro. The behavioral studies showed that the root extract of AM had powerful anticonvulsant effects against seizures induced by PTZ and the biochemical studies showed that root extract of AM inhibited PTZ-induced increase in lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and reactive oxygen species, and enhanced mitochondrial function. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy studies demonstrated that the extracts from the root and aerial parts of AM possess potent effects on scavenging hydroxyl and lipid free radicals. We found that AM extract significantly protected malondialdehyde-induced oxidative damage by ameliorating activities of the mitochondrial complexes I, II, malate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial membrane potential. These data suggest that the anti-convulsant effects of AM extract may be mediated by its protective actions against oxidative damage and amelioration of mitochondrial dysfunction.

show abstract

“…SOD1 overexpression was originally found to extend lifespan in D. melanogaster (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10), and some D. melanogaster lines selected for extended longevity also show increased levels of expression of SOD1 (11,12). However, additional experiments showed that the effect of SOD1 overexpression depends on the genetic background of the particular lines used (13)(14)(15)(16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased expression of Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase 1 in ants with extreme lifespan

Parker

Sohal

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reactive oxygen species, the by-products of oxidative energy metabolism, are considered a main proximate cause of aging. Accordingly, overexpression of the enzyme Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) can lengthen lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster in the laboratory. However, the role of SOD1 as a main determinant of lifespan has been challenged on the grounds that overexpression might be effective only in compromised genetic backgrounds. Moreover, interspecific comparisons show lower levels of antioxidant activities in longer-lived species, suggesting that life-span extension may evolve through less reactive oxygen species generation from the mitochondria rather than higher expression of SOD1. The tremendous variation in lifespan between ant castes, ranging over 2 orders of magnitude, coupled with the fact that all individuals share the same genome, provides a system to investigate the role of SOD1 in the wild. We used the ant Lasius niger as a model system, because queens can reach the extreme age of 28 years, whereas workers and males live only 1-2 years and a few weeks, respectively. We cloned SOD1 and found that long-lived queens have a lower level of expression than workers and males. Specific enzyme-activity assays also showed higher SOD1 activity levels in males and workers compared with queens, which had SOD1 activity levels similar to that of D. melanogaster. Altogether, these data show that increased expression of SOD1 is not required for the evolution of extreme lifespan, even in a system in which differential gene expression is the only way to express phenotypes with great lifespan differences.T o date, most of the genes implicated in aging have been identified in laboratory populations of short-lived model organisms such as the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1-4). However, it is not known whether these genes are functionally important in underlying lifespan differences in the wild or whether they may also influence lifespan of longerlived organisms.One of the more prominent antioxidant enzymes thought to be involved in lifespan extension is encoded by the gene superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). SOD1 overexpression was originally found to extend lifespan in D. melanogaster (5-10), and some D. melanogaster lines selected for extended longevity also show increased levels of expression of SOD1 (11, 12). However, additional experiments showed that the effect of SOD1 overexpression depends on the genetic background of the particular lines used (13-16). Most recently, it has been shown that SOD1 overexpression positively effects lifespan in some but not all natural genetic backgrounds (17).Experiments in other organisms have also provided contrasting results. In yeast, increased lifespan has been obtained by overexpression of SOD1 and the mitochondrial form of SOD (18), but in C. elegans, contradictory results were obtained for chemical mimetics of SOD dependent on laboratory conditions (19,20). In mice, manipulation of SOD1 level...

show abstract

Genomic plasticity, energy allocations, and the extended longevity phenotypes of Drosophila

Cited by 46 publications

References 52 publications

Trends in lipid and protein contents during medfly aging: An harmonic path to death

Trends in lipid and protein contents during medfly aging: An harmonic path to death

Anti-convulsant Effect and Mechanism of Astragalus mongholicus Extract In Vitro and In Vivo: Protection Against Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Decreased expression of Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase 1 in ants with extreme lifespan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About