Genomic Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in Two Cohorts of High-Risk Military Trainees

Lee, Robyn S; Millar, Eugene V.; Callendrello, Alanna; English, Caroline; Elassal, Emad M.; Ellis, Michael W.; Bennett, Jason; Hanage, William P.

doi:10.1101/19011445

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…A longitudinal cohort study of SSTIs among US Army Infantry trainees at Fort Benning, GA, was conducted from 2015-2016. A description of the study design, setting, and population was published previously ( 13 ). The Institutional Review Board of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Science (Bethesda, MD) approved this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling of serum factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections as a foundation for biomarker identification

Bergmann-Leitner,

Millar,

Duncan

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundPeople living in close quarters, such as military trainees, are at increased risk for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), especially those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The serum immune factors associated with the onset of SSTI are not well understood.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal study of SSTIs, enrolling US Army trainees before starting military training and following up for 14 weeks. Samples were collected on Day 0, 56, and 90. Serum chemokines and cytokines among 16 SSTI cases and 51 healthy controls were evaluated using an electro-chemiluminescence based multiplex assay platform.ResultsOf 54 tested cytokines, 12 were significantly higher among SSTI cases as compared to controls. Among the cases, there were correlations between factors associated with vascular injury (i.e., VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and Flt1), the angiogenetic factor VEGF, and IL-10. Unsupervised machine learning (Principal Component Analysis) revealed that IL10, IL17A, C-reactive protein, ICAM1, VCAM1, SAA, Flt1, and VGEF were indicative of SSTI.ConclusionThe study demonstrates the power of immunoprofiling for identifying factors predictive of pre-illness state of SSTI thereby identifying early stages of an infection and individuals susceptible to SSTI.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling of serum factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections as a foundation for biomarker identification

Bergmann-Leitner,

Millar,

Duncan

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Nasal microbiota evolution within the congregate setting imposed by military training

Blum

Whitmire

Bennett

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The human microbiome is comprised of a complex and diverse community of organisms that is subject to dynamic changes over time. As such, cross-sectional studies of the microbiome provide a multitude of information for a specific body site at a particular time, but they fail to account for temporal changes in microbial constituents resulting from various factors. To address this shortcoming, longitudinal research studies of the human microbiome investigate the influence of various factors on the microbiome of individuals within a group or community setting. These studies are vital to address the effects of host and/or environmental factors on microbiome composition as well as the potential contribution of microbiome members during the course of an infection. The relationship between microbial constituents and disease development has been previously explored for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) within congregate military trainees. Accordingly, approximately 25% of the population carries Staphylococcus aureus within their nasal cavity, and these colonized individuals are known to be at increased risk for SSTIs. To examine the evolution of the nasal microbiota of U.S. Army Infantry trainees, individuals were sampled longitudinally from their arrival at Fort Benning, Georgia, until completion of their training 90 days later. These samples were then processed to determine S. aureus colonization status and to profile the nasal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene-based methods. Microbiota stability differed dramatically among the individual trainees; some subjects exhibited great stability, some subjects showed gradual temporal changes and some subjects displayed a dramatic shift in nasal microbiota composition. Further analysis utilizing the available trainee metadata suggests that the major drivers of nasal microbiota stability may be S. aureus colonization status and geographic origin of the trainees. Nasal microbiota evolution within the congregate setting imposed by military training is a complex process that appears to be affected by numerous factors. This finding may indicate that future campaigns to prevent S. aureus colonization and future SSTIs among high-risk military trainees may require a ‘personalized’ approach.

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Genomic Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Two Cohorts of High-Risk Military Trainees

Cited by 2 publications

References 28 publications

Profiling of serum factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections as a foundation for biomarker identification

Profiling of serum factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections as a foundation for biomarker identification

Nasal microbiota evolution within the congregate setting imposed by military training

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