Genomic Epidemiology and Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Bloodstream Infections in China

Abstract

As a developing country, China has an unbalanced health care system due to regional differences in economic development. However, China is also a country worthy of study with regard to the population dynamics of MRSA within the more resource-rich health care systems.

Comparison of Genetic Features and Evolution of Global and Chinese Strains of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST22

“…Although frequently isolated in many countries, in China, ST22-MRSA is still a sporadic MRSA clone. Our group has isolated a total of 749 MRSA strains from various provinces and cities in China, and detected 12 ST22 CA-MRSA isolates, which caused severe bloodstream infections ( 12 ). Recent studies have reported the emergence of the CA-methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) ST22-PVL+ clone in China ( 13 – 15 ); however, detailed information is still limited.…”

Genomic epidemiology and characterisation of penicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates from invasive bloodstream infections in China: an increasing prevalence and higher diversity in genetic typing be revealed

“…The second most common IEC type was type B, which consisted of CC188, CC398 and CC5.eg. In addition, all CC59 and six of the CC398 isolates belonged to type C. In our previous work, we found that almost all ST59-MRSA V clones and all ST398-MRSA clones lacked the sak gene and belonged to IEC type C, whereas ST59-MRSA-IV clones were type B [ 27 ]. As shown in Figure 5 C, among these IEC-positive strains, resistance was detected in isolates of IEC types A–E.…”

“…Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) genes ( lukS/F ) were detected in six MSSA-PEN S - blaZ negative isolates (6/140, 4.29%) belonging to CC59, CC398 and CC30 ( Figure 4 ). It is not uncommon for MSSA or MRSA strains belonging to CC59 and CC30 and CC398 MSSA isolates to harbour lukS/F gene [ 27–29 ]; however, in general, lukS/F gene carriage is rare in livestock-associated (LA)-MRSA CC398. In this study, two CC398 strains (ST398-t034-IEC-B and ST398-t1451-IEC-C) were found to harbour lukS/F gene, and both were tetracycline sensitive.…”

“…It is important to emphasize that the human-adapted CC398 MSSA was identified as a predecessor of community-acquired MRSA CC398, which evolved by acquiring SCC mec cassettes imparting methicillin resistance [ 40 ]. CC5 is one of the most dominant clones among both MRSA and MSSA in China [ 27 ]. In addition, CC5 has also been demonstrated as one of the most prevalent clones among MSSA-PEN S strains in other studies [ 32 , 41 ].…”

Editorial: Evolution of Multidrug-Resistant Clinically Important Bacteria and Fungi

“…Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen of hospital-acquired and community-associated infections worldwide. ST59 represents the most prevalent sequence type isolated in Eastern Asia (Jin et al, 2021 ). McClure et al pointed out that the origin of ST59 was disputable and they performed a detailed genetic analysis of the lineage of ST59 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients in Canada and mainland China to reveal that mobile element structure (MES) is the major difference between the two continental lineages.…”