Spinel-type LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 has
been paid temendrous consideration as an electrode material because
of its low cost, high voltage, and stabilized electrochemical performance.
Here, we demonstrate the mechanism of iron (Fe) integration into LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 via solution methods followed
by calcination at a high temparature, as an efficient electrocatalyst
for water splitting. Various microscopic and structural characterizations
of the crystal structure affirmed the integration of Fe into the LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 lattice and the constitution
of the cubic LiMn1.38Fe0.12Ni0.5O4 crystal. Local structure analysis around Fe by extended X-ray
absorption fine structure (EXAFS) showed Fe3+ ions in a
six-coordinated octahedral environment, demonstrating incorporation
of Fe as a substitute at the Mn site in the LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 host. EXAFS also confirmed that the perfectly
ordered LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 spinel structure
becomes disturbed by the fractional cationic substitution and also
stabilizes the LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 structure
with structural disorder of the Ni2+ and Mn4+ ions in the 16d octahedral sites by Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions. However, we have found that Mn3+ ion production
from the redox reaction between Mn4+ and Fe2+ influences the electronic conductivity significantly, resulting
in improved electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity
for the LiMn1.38Fe0.12Ni0.5O4 structure. Surface-enhanced Fe in LiMn1.38Fe0.12Ni0.5O4 serves as the electrocatalytic
active site for OER, which was verified by the density functional
theory study.