Genomic characterization of Italian Clostridium botulinum group I strains

Giordani, Francesco; Fillo, Silvia; Anselmo, Anna; Palozzi, Anna Maria; Fortunato, Antonella; Gentile, Bernardina; Tehran, Domenico Azarnia; Ciammaruconi, Andrea; Spagnolo, Ferdinando; Pittiglio, Valentina; Anniballi, Fabrizio; Auricchio, Bruna; Medici, Dario De; Lista, Florigio

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2015.08.042

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…These have included comparative genomic indexing (using a DNA microarray), multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multi-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MVLA), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), and comparisons of core genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) following whole genome sequencing [2, 5, 6•, 7•, 22, 43•, 44, 45, 46, 47]. These approaches typically separate strains in up to about ten lineages or clusters (depending on strains tested and criterion applied).…”

Section: Genomic Diversity Of Clostridium Botulinum Group Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4, 5, 7•, 22, 43•, 44, 55, 56, 66]). For example, lineages with Group I strains forming subtype A1 or A2 neurotoxins have been found throughout the world.…”

Section: Impact Of Genomic Diversity On Food Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…type Af strains form a greater amount of type A neurotoxin than type F neurotoxin). The neurotoxin gene(s) can be located on the chromosome or a large plasmid [17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22]. C. botulinum Group II strains have a single neurotoxin gene, and form a single neurotoxin of types B, E or F (although strains that form type F toxin possess type B and E neurotoxin gene fragments [23]).…”

Section: Introduction To Clostridium Botulinum and Foodborne Botulismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Clostridium botulinum genomic diversity on food safety

Peck

Vliet

2016

Current Opinion in Food Science

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Section: Genomic Diversity Of Clostridium Botulinum Group Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4, 5, 7•, 22, 43•, 44, 55, 56, 66]). For example, lineages with Group I strains forming subtype A1 or A2 neurotoxins have been found throughout the world.…”

Section: Impact Of Genomic Diversity On Food Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction To Clostridium Botulinum and Foodborne Botulismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Clostridium botulinum genomic diversity on food safety

Peck

Vliet

2016

Current Opinion in Food Science

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“…C. botulinum group III is closely related to Clostridium novyi and Clostridium haemolyticum [26,34]. These bacterial species are historically defined by their ability to cause a certain disease i.e., botulism, black disease, and bacillary hemoglobinuria, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of An Innovative and Quick Method for the Isolation of Clostridium botulinum Strains Involved in Avian Botulism Outbreaks

Gratiet

Poëzévara

Rouxel

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Avian botulism is a serious neuroparalytic disease mainly caused by a type C/D botulinum neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum group III, one of the entwined bacterial species from the Clostridium novyi sensu lato genospecies. Its isolation is very challenging due to the absence of selective media and the instability of the phage carrying the gene encoding for the neurotoxin. The present study describes the development of an original method for isolating C. botulinum group III strains. Briefly, this method consists of streaking the InstaGene matrix extraction pellet on Egg Yolk Agar plates and then collecting the colonies with lipase and lecithinase activities. Using this approach, it was possible to isolate 21 C. novyi sensu lato strains from 22 enrichment broths of avian livers, including 14 toxic strains. This method was successfully used to re-isolate type C, D, C/D, and D/C strains from liver samples spiked with five spores per gram. This method is cheap, user-friendly, and reliable. It can be used to quickly isolate toxic strains involved in avian botulism with a 64% success rate and C. novyi sensu lato with a 95% rate. This opens up new perspectives for C. botulinum genomic research, which will shed light on the epidemiology of avian botulism.

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“…Here, BoNT sequences with at least 2.6% difference in amino acid sequence were designated as individual subtypes [6]. Among those, BoNT/F comprising so far eight subtypes (BoNT/F1-F8; [7,8]), represents the serotype with the largest variations among its subtypes exhibiting as much as 36 % divergence between BoNT/F5 (strain Mendoza-CDC54074) and BoNT/F7 (Oregon-CDC59837).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulinum Neurotoxin F Subtypes Cleaving the VAMP-2 Q<sup>58</sup>-K<sup>59</sup> Peptide Bond Exhibit Unique Catalytic Properties and Substrate Specificities

Sikorra

Skiba

Dorner

et al. 2018

Preprint

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In the recent past about 40 botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) subtypes belonging to serotypes A, B, E, and F pathogenic to humans were identified among hundreds of independent isolates. BoNTs are the etiological factors of botulism and represent potential bioweapons, but are also recognized pharmaceuticals for efficient counteraction of hyperactive nerve terminals in a variety of human diseases. The detailed biochemical characterization of subtypes as the basis for development of suitable countermeasures and possible novel therapeutic applications is lagging behind the increase in new subtypes. Here we report the primary structure of a ninth subtype of BoNT/F. Its amino acid sequence diverges by at least 8.4% at the holotoxin and 13.4% on the enzymatic domain level from all other known BoNT/F subtypes. We found that BoNT/F9 shares the scissile Q58/K59 bond in its substrate vesicle associated membrane protein 2 with the prototype BoNT/F1. Comparative biochemical analyses of four BoNT/F enzymatic domains showed that the catalytic efficiencies decrease in the order F1 > F7 > F9 > F6 and vary by up to factor eight. KM values increase in the order F1 > F9 > F6 ≈ F7, whereas kcat decreases in the order F7 > F1 > F9 > F6. Comparative substrate scanning mutagenesis studies revealed a unique pattern of crucial substrate residues for each subtype. Based upon structural coordinates of F1 bound to an inhibitor polypeptide the mutational analyses suggest different substrate interactions in the substrate binding channel of each subtype.

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Genomic characterization of Italian Clostridium botulinum group I strains

Cited by 25 publications

References 60 publications

Impact of Clostridium botulinum genomic diversity on food safety

Impact of Clostridium botulinum genomic diversity on food safety

Development of An Innovative and Quick Method for the Isolation of Clostridium botulinum Strains Involved in Avian Botulism Outbreaks

Botulinum Neurotoxin F Subtypes Cleaving the VAMP-2 Q<sup>58</sup>-K<sup>59</sup> Peptide Bond Exhibit Unique Catalytic Properties and Substrate Specificities

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