Genomic and serological diversity of bovine viral diarrhea virus in Japan

Abstract

Genomic properties of 62 field isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) collected from 1974 to 1999 in Japan were investigated. The 5' untranslated region (UTR) was amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the 244 to 247 base nucleotide sequences were determined. Serological properties were also characterized by the cross-neutralization test using antisera against the representative strain of the classified genotype. Using phylogenetic tree analysis, BVDV 1 was subdivided into two major clusters, BVDV-1a (29 isolates) and BVDV-1b (27 isolates). In group 1a, 3 differed from the other viruses, and were classified in a branch assigned as 1a'. However, 4 isolates (So CP/75, 190 CP, 190 NCP and KS86-1-NCP) could not be assigned to group 1a or 1b. In comparison with the published sequence data, KS86-1-NCP, 190 CP and 190 NCP were similar to the Southern Africa isolates that have recently been proposed as BVDV 1c. The 5' UTR sequence of So CP/75 was unique among those of BVDV 1, suggesting that the isolate should be classified into a new genotype. Only 2 out of 62 isolates collected in 1989 and 1990 were identified as BVDV 2. The results of the cross-neutralization test strongly supported these data, suggesting a close correlation between the 5' UTR sequence and the antigenicity of BVDV.

Circulation of bovine viral diarrhea virus – 1 (BVDV-1) in dairy cattle and buffalo farms in Ismailia Province, Egypt

“…It has been previously reported that BVDV-1 is distributed worldwide in comparison to BVDV-2, which is reported mainly in the USA and Canada [35], Japan [36], South America [37] and in some European countries such as Austria [38]. The detected BVDV strain was further subtyped as BVDV-1b from one of the investigated dairy cattle farms.…”

Application of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis to Simple and Rapid Genotyping of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strains Isolated in Japan

“…The obtained results appear to suggest that the examined strains could be representative of Japanese isolates from the view of the kinds and frequency of the detected genotypes [8,[14][15][16]24].…”

“…The test is most exactly performed when the used indicator virus is antigenically similar to the strain prevalent in the population to be evaluated [17,20]. And the antigenicities are closely related to the genotypes [8,16].…”

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) diversity and vaccination. A review

“…BVDV-1 strains were consistently shown to be antigenically distinct from BVDV-2 based on sero-neutralisation assays with polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies (18,19,50,57,63). Couvreur and colleagues (14) indicated that both genotypes of BVDV are consistent with seroneutralisation groups: strains from one genotype are only weakly cross-reactive to strains from the other genotypes.…”

“…More than 90% of all BVDV infections are caused by ncp BVDV, and all the devastating syndromes including the acute hemorrhagic disease and persistent infections are the result of ncp BVDV infections (47). In addition, certain ncp strains of the BVDV-2 are associated with outbreaks of severe acute haemorrhagic syndrome (HS) characterised by high morbidity and high mortalities were first reported in North America, Canada (57,61) and recently also detected in Japan (50) and Brazil (25) also in Europe (84,87).…”