Genomic and phenotypic characterization of Borrelia afzelii BO23 and Borrelia garinii CIP 103362

Bontemps­-Gallo, Sébastien; Lawrence, Kevin A.; Richards, Crystal L.; Gherardini, Frank C.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199641

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The genomes of Borrelia species consist of a set of circular and linear plasmids and a linear chromosome of ~900 kb ending with DNA sequences regulated by breakage and reunion reactions (39, 40). Different isolates show a variable number of plasmids depending on the species and affected by frequent reorganization (41–47). B. burgdorferi B31 strain harbors 10 circulars and 12 linear plasmids while B. afzelii B023 and B. garinii CIP 103362 have 6 linear and 2 circular plasmids and 4 linear and 1 circular plasmids in Fraser et al (41), Casjens et al (42), and Bontemps-Gallo et al (47).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Microbial Biofilm in Lyme Neuroborreliosis

et al. 2018

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Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi in North America and Borrelia afzelii or Borrelia garinii in Europe and Asia, respectively. The infection affects multiple organ systems, including the skin, joints, and the nervous system. Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is the most dangerous manifestation of Lyme disease, occurring in 10–15% of infected individuals. During the course of the infection, bacteria migrate through the host tissues altering the coagulation and fibrinolysis pathways and the immune response, reaching the central nervous system (CNS) within 2 weeks after the bite of an infected tick. The early treatment with oral antimicrobials is effective in the majority of patients with LNB. Nevertheless, persistent forms of LNB are relatively common, despite targeted antibiotic therapy. It has been observed that the antibiotic resistance and the reoccurrence of Lyme disease are associated with biofilm-like aggregates in B. burgdorferi, B. afzelii, and B. garinii, both in vitro and in vivo, allowing Borrelia spp. to resist to adverse environmental conditions. Indeed, the increased tolerance to antibiotics described in the persisting forms of Borrelia spp., is strongly reminiscent of biofilm growing bacteria, suggesting a possible role of biofilm aggregates in the development of the different manifestations of Lyme disease including LNB.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Microbial Biofilm in Lyme Neuroborreliosis

et al. 2018

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“…burgdorferi has a fragmented and rather small genome composed of one linear chromosome and multiple plasmids, which can be lost during long-term in vitro culturing (5). The linear chromosome carries genes essential for bacterial metabolism and replication (5,30). The plasmids contain genes encoding mainly virulence factors and are not required for bacterial growth in vitro except for circular plasmid 26, which carries the guaAB operon (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Biomolecular Analyses of Borrelia burgdorferi BmpD Reveal a Substrate-Binding Protein of an ABC-Type Nucleoside Transporter Family

et al. 2020

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Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the causative agent of tick-borne Lyme borreliosis (LB), has a limited metabolic capacity and needs to acquire nutrients, such as amino acids, fatty acids, and nucleic acids, from the host environment. Using X-ray crystallography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, microscale thermophoresis, and cellular localization studies, we show that basic membrane protein D (BmpD) is a periplasmic substrate-binding protein of an ABC transporter system binding to purine nucleosides. Nucleosides are essential for bacterial survival in the host organism, and these studies suggest a key role for BmpD in the purine salvage pathway of B. burgdorferi sensu lato. Because B. burgdorferi sensu lato lacks the enzymes required for de novo purine synthesis, BmpD may play a vital role in ensuring access to the purines needed to sustain an infection in the host. Furthermore, we show that, although human LB patients develop anti-BmpD antibodies, immunization of mice with BmpD does not confer protection against B. burgdorferi sensu lato infection.

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“…In a second case series,39 potential antibiotic properties addressing leptospiral-induced ERU have been suggested. Recent human research proved high susceptibility of B. afzelii to gentamicin 40. Nevertheless, conclusions for equine intravitreal efficacy should be drawn cautiously and low-dose gentamicin’s impact on persistent posterior uveitis and ocular infections in horses warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthritis, panuveitis and hyperaesthesia associated with Borrelia afzelii infection in a warmblood gelding

Sommerauer

Blohm

Spergser

et al. 2019

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 13-year-old warmblood gelding presented with a history of lameness, muscle atrophy and weight loss of 3 months. The horse demonstrated extensive hyperaesthesia over the left dorsal trunk, marked effusion of several joints, laryngitis and a dampened mental attitude. Synovial fluid analysis revealed arthritis of the left tarsocrural joint, being PCR-positive for Borreliaafzelii DNA. Subsequently, mild anterior uveitis of the right and severe panuveitis of the left eye with B. afzelii PCR-positive aqueous and vitreous humour, respectively, were diagnosed. Treatment included arthroscopy of the left tarsocrural joint, oral doxycycline administration for 6 weeks, ophthalmic and systemic anti-inflammatory therapy and left intravitreal preservative-free gentamicin (4 mg) injection. After initial improvement, the gelding’s clinical signs deteriorated resulting in peracute recumbency and sudden death 12 months later. Lyme borreliosis should be considered as differential diagnosis in complex cases of equine lameness, particularly when accompanied by hyperaesthesia and bilateral uveitis.

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Genomic and phenotypic characterization of Borrelia afzelii BO23 and Borrelia garinii CIP 103362

Cited by 10 publications

References 75 publications

The Emerging Role of Microbial Biofilm in Lyme Neuroborreliosis

The Emerging Role of Microbial Biofilm in Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Structural and Biomolecular Analyses of Borrelia burgdorferi BmpD Reveal a Substrate-Binding Protein of an ABC-Type Nucleoside Transporter Family

Arthritis, panuveitis and hyperaesthesia associated with Borrelia afzelii infection in a warmblood gelding

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