Genomic Analyses of Pre-European Conquest Human Remains from the Canary Islands Reveal Close Affinity to Modern North Africans

Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo; Gunther, Torsten; Krzewińska, Maja; Storå, Jan; Gillingwater, Thomas H.; MacCallum, Malcolm; Arsuaga, Juan Luís; Dobney, Keith; Valdiosera, Cristina; Jakobsson, Mattias; Götherström, Anders

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.04.083

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The average mtDNA depth is ~140X, with a minimum value of 8X (Table S2). Observed haplogroups agree with previous studies [33,36-39,41], indicating the presence of North African (U6), Eurasian (H, J2, T2 and X) and sub-Saharan African lineages (L1 and L3) in the Canarian indigenous population (Figure S2). As delineated before [36], the majority of haplogroups observed are of Eurasian origin, most with a Mediterranean distribution.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The HVRI has been proven to be of limited value in providing a clear picture of the origin of the indigenous people of the Canary Islands. In order to conduct a better assignment of the geographic origin of the maternal Canarian indigenous lineages, we performed detailed phylogeographic analysis of all the lineages observed in the aDNA dataset (Figure S2), including those from Rodriguez-Varela et al [41]. For detailed information on our phylogenetic analysis, see Supplementary Text.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent NGS study of the Canarian indigenous people presented the first complete mtDNA genomes and low-coverage full genomes from this population, and, more specifically, from the central islands of Tenerife and Gran Canaria [41]. However, previous aDNA data [36-39] suggested that the indigenous populations from different islands might have experienced different demographic processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mitogenomes illuminate the origin and migration patterns of the indigenous people of the Canary Islands

Fregel

Ordóñez

Cabrera

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Canary Islands’ indigenous people have been the subject of substantial archaeological, anthropological, linguistic and genetic research pointing to a most probable North African Berber source. However, neither agreement about the exact point of origin nor a model for the indigenous colonization of the islands has been established. To shed light on these questions, we analyzed 48 ancient mitogenomes from 25 archaeological sites from the seven main islands. Most lineages observed in the ancient samples have a Mediterranean distribution, and belong to lineages associated with the Neolithic expansion in the Near East and Europe (T2c, J2a, X3a…). This phylogeographic analysis of Canarian indigenous mitogenomes, the first of its kind, shows that some lineages are restricted to Central North Africa (H1cf, J2a2d and T2c1d3), while others have a wider distribution, including both West and Central North Africa, and, in some cases, Europe and the Near East (U6a1a1, U6a7a1, U6b, X3a, U6c1). In addition, we identify four new Canarian-specific lineages (H1e1a9, H4a1e, J2a2d1a and L3b1a12) whose coalescence dates correlate with the estimated time for the colonization of the islands (1st millennia CE). Additionally, we observe an asymmetrical distribution of mtDNA haplogroups in the ancient population, with certain haplogroups appearing more frequently in the islands closer to the continent. This reinforces results based on modern mtDNA and Y-chromosome data, and archaeological evidence suggesting the existence of two distinct migrations. Comparisons between insular populations show that some populations had high genetic diversity, while others were probably affected by genetic drift and/or bottlenecks. In spite of observing interinsular differences in the survival of indigenous lineages, modern populations, with the sole exception of La Gomera, are homogenous across the islands, supporting the theory of extensive human mobility after the European conquest.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mitogenomes illuminate the origin and migration patterns of the indigenous people of the Canary Islands

Fregel

Ordóñez

Cabrera

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Western European hunter-gatherers (WHG), first described in three sites of western Europe [16][17][18][19] are now known to also have lived in southeastern Europe [20,21] WHG-like ancestry may represent a partial source of ancestry of populations bordering Europe, for example in Anatolia whose early farmers ~8kya are genetically closer to WHG than other Near Eastern populations are [24], or in the Atlantic where pre-colonial Guanche inhabitants of the Canary Islands had some European hunter-gatherer affinity in addition to their mainly North African origin [25]. WHG did not, however, appear to make any quantifiable genetic contribution to the Upper Paleolithic inhabitants of geographically proximate Morocco ~15kya in North Africa [26].…”

Section: Upper Paleolithic Europeansmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolutionary history of human populations in Europe

Lazaridis

2018

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

I review the evolutionary history of human populations in Europe with an emphasis on what has been learned in recent years through the study of ancient DNA. Human populations in Europe ∼430-39kya (archaic Europeans) included Neandertals and their ancestors, who were genetically differentiated from other archaic Eurasians (such as the Denisovans of Siberia), as well as modern humans. Modern humans arrived to Europe by ∼45kya, and are first genetically attested by ∼39kya when they were still mixing with Neandertals. The first Europeans who were recognizably genetically related to modern ones appeared in the genetic record shortly thereafter at ∼37kya. At ∼15kya a largely homogeneous set of hunter-gatherers became dominant in most of Europe, but with some admixture from Siberian hunter-gatherers in the eastern part of the continent. These hunter-gatherers were joined by migrants from the Near East beginning at ∼8-9kya: Anatolian farmers settled most of mainland Europe, and migrants from the Caucasus reached eastern Europe, forming steppe populations. After ∼5kya there was migration from the steppe into mainland Europe and vice versa. Present-day Europeans (ignoring the long-distance migrations of the modern era) are largely the product of this Bronze Age collision of steppe pastoralists with Neolithic farmers.

show abstract

“…The Canary archipelago is located some 100 km west of Northern Africa and consists of seven major islands. The first settlers most likely originated from North Africa (Fregel et al 2009;Hagenblad et al 2017;Rodriguez-Varela et al 2017) and colonized the islands during the first millennium AD (Rodríguez-Rodríguez et al 2011;Atoche Peña 2013). The islands then remained isolated from the mainland, and to a certain extent from each other, until the Hispanic conquest in the fifteenth century (Morales et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and genetic characterization of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces in the Canary Islands

Hagenblad

Leino

Afonso³

et al. 2018

Genet Resour Crop Evol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Barley has been continuously cultivated in the Canary archipelago for millennia, and to this day landrace barley is the preferred choice for cultivation. We have morphologically and genetically characterized 57 landraces collected during the twentyfirst century and conserved in genebanks. The majority of accessions were of the six-row type. Although landraces from the same island tended to be similar, the results showed morphological and genetic diversity both within and in the case of genetic data among islands. Accessions from the easternmost islands were genetically distinct from those from the central and western islands. Accessions from the western islands often had a mixed genetical composition, suggesting more recent exchange of plant material with the central islands. The geographic distribution of diversity suggests that conservation of barley genetic resources needs to consider all islands in the archipelago. Landrace barley from the Canary archipelago was found to be morphologically distinct from continental landrace barley. We suggest the uniqueness of Canarian barley, in terms of morphology and genetic diversity, can be used for marketing purposes providing added market value to the crop.

show abstract

Genomic Analyses of Pre-European Conquest Human Remains from the Canary Islands Reveal Close Affinity to Modern North Africans

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Mitogenomes illuminate the origin and migration patterns of the indigenous people of the Canary Islands

Mitogenomes illuminate the origin and migration patterns of the indigenous people of the Canary Islands

The evolutionary history of human populations in Europe

Morphological and genetic characterization of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces in the Canary Islands

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About