Genome-Wide Identification, and Molecular Evolution of The Magnesium Transporter (MGT) Gene Family in &lt;em&gt;Citrullus Lanatus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Cucumis Sativus&lt;/em&gt;

During the response of plants to water stresses, aquaporin (AQP) plays a prominent role in membrane water transport based on the received upstream signals. Due to the importance of the AQP gene family, studies have been conducted that investigate the function and regulatory system of these genes. However, many of their molecular aspects are still unknown. This study aims to carry out a genome-wide investigation of the AQP gene family in Triticum turgidum using bioinformatics tools and to investigate the expression patterns of some members in response to salt stress. Our results show that there are 80 TtAQP genes in T. turgidum, which are classified into four main groups based on phylogenetic analysis. Several duplications were observed between the members of the TtAQP gene family, and high diversity in response to post-translational modifications was observed between TtAQP family members. The expression pattern of TtAQP genes disclosed that these genes are primarily upregulated in response to salt stress. Additionally, the qPCR data revealed that TtAQPs are more induced in delayed responses to salinity stress. Overall, our findings illustrate that TtAQP members are diverse in terms of their structure, regulatory systems, and expression levels.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Aquaporin Gene Family in Triticum turgidum and Its Expression Profile in Response to Salt Stress

Yaghobi

Heidari

2023

Insights into the Sulfate Transporter Gene Family and Its Expression Patterns in Durum Wheat Seedlings under Salinity

Puresmaeli

Heidari

Lawson

2023

Sulfate transporters (SULTRs) are an essential plant transporter class responsible for the absorption and distribution of sulfur, an essential plant growth element. SULTRs are also involved in processes related to growth and development and in response to environmental stimuli. In the present study, 22 TdSULTR family members were identified and characterized in the genome of Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum (Desf.) using available bioinformatics tools. The expression levels of candidate TdSULTR genes were investigated under salt treatments of 150 and 250 mM NaCl after several different exposure times. TdSULTRs showed diversity in terms of physiochemical properties, gene structure, and pocket sites. TdSULTRs and their orthologues were classified into the known five main plant groups of highly diverse subfamilies. In addition, it was noted that segmental duplication events could lengthen TdSULTR family members under evolutionary processes. Based on pocket site analysis, the amino acids leucine (L), valine (V), and serine (S) were most often detected in TdSULTR protein binding sites. Moreover, it was predicted that TdSULTRs have a high potential to be targeted by phosphorylation modifications. According to promoter site analysis, the plant bioregulators ABA and MeJA were predicted to affect TdSULTR expression patterns. Real-time PCR analysis revealed TdSULTR genes are differentially expressed at 150 mM NaCl but show similar expression in response to 250 mM NaCl. TdSULTR reached a maximum level of expression 72 h after the 250 mM salt treatment. Overall, we conclude that TdSULTR genes are involved in the response to salinity in durum wheat. However, additional studies of functionality are needed to determine their precise function and linked-interaction pathways.

Comprehensive Analysis of Calcium Sensor Families, CBL and CIPK, in Aeluropus littoralis and Their Expression Profile in Response to Salinity

Arab

Zarrini

Nematzadeh

et al. 2023

Self Cite

Plants have acquired sets of highly regulated and complex signaling pathways to respond to unfavorable environmental conditions during evolution. Calcium signaling, as a vital mechanism, enables plants to respond to external stimuli, including abiotic and biotic stresses, and coordinate the basic processes of growth and development. In the present study, two calcium sensor families, CBL and CIPK, were investigated in a halophyte plant, Aeluropus littoralis, with a comprehensive analysis. Here, six AlCBL genes, and twenty AlCIPK genes were studied. The analysis of the gene structure and conserved motifs, as well as physicochemical properties, showed that these genes are highly conserved during evolution. The expression levels of AlCBL genes and AlCIPK genes were evaluated under salt stress in leaf and root tissue. Based on the real-time RT-PCR results, the AlCIPK gene family had a higher variation in mRNA abundance than the AlCBL gene family. AlCIPK genes were found to have a higher abundance in leaves than in roots. The results suggest that the correlation between AlCBL genes and AlCIPK is tissue-specific, and different correlations can be expected in leaves and roots. Based on these correlations, AlCIPK3.1–AlCBL4.1 and AlCIPK1.2–AlCBL4.4 can be co-expressed in the root tissue, while AlCBL10 has the potential to be co-expressed with AlCIPK5, AlCIPK26, and AlCIPK12.3 in the leaf tissue. Our findings reveal valuable information on the structure and function of calcium sensor families in A. littoralis, a halophyte plant, that can be used in future research on the biological function of CBLs and CIPKs on salt stress resistance.