Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of NRAMP Family Genes in Soybean (Glycine Max L.)

Abstract

The NRAMP (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein) family of genes has been widely characterized in organisms ranging from bacteria to yeast, plants, mice, and humans. This gene family plays vital roles in divalent metal ion transport across cellular membranes. As yet, comprehensive analysis of NRAMP family genes has not been reported for soybean. In this study, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify 13 soybean NRAMP genes, along with their gene structures, phylogenetic relationships, and transmembrane domains. Expression analysis suggests that GmNRAMP genes function in numerous tissues and development stages. Moreover, soybean NRAMP genes were differentially regulated by deficiencies of N, P, K, Fe, and S, along with toxicities of Fe, Cu, Cd, and Mn. These results indicate that GmNRAMP genes function in many nutrient stress pathways, and might be involved in crosstalk among nutrient stress pathways. Subcellular localization analysis in Arabidopsis protoplasts confirmed the tonoplast or plasma membrane localization of selected soybean NRMAP proteins. Protein-protein interaction analysis found that the networks of three GmNRAMP proteins which putatively interact with nodulin-like proteins, almost distinct from the network that is common to the other 10 soybean NRAMP proteins. Subsequent qRT-PCR results confirmed that these three GmNRMAP genes exhibited enhanced expression in soybean nodules, suggesting potential functions in the transport of Fe or other metal ions in soybean nodules. Overall, the systematic analysis of the GmNRAMP gene family reported herein provides valuable information for further studies on the biological roles of GmNRAMPs in divalent metal ion transport in various soybean tissues under numerous nutrient stresses and soybean-rhizobia symbiosis.

Characterization of the Soybean GmIREG Family Genes and the Function of GmIREG3 in Conferring Tolerance to Aluminum Stress

“…Seedlings of similar size were transplanted into the corresponding nutrient solution for gene cloning and transcriptional expression experiments. To investigate possible responses of GmIREGs to Fe deficiency, uniform seedlings were exposed to normal conditions (half-strength nutrient solution, pH 5.6) or low-iron conditions (half-strength nutrient solution without Fe-Na-EDTA, pH 5.6) for 14 days, during which time nutrient deficiency was observed [38]. For other treatments, uniform seedlings were exposed to a nutrient solution as previously described [39]; the nutrient solution contained 200 mM CaSO 4 , 200 mM CaCl 2 , 100 mM MgSO 4 , 400 mM KNO 3 , 300 mM NH 4 NO 3 , 5 mM NaH 2 PO 4 , 3 mM H 3 BO 3 , 0.5 mM MnCl 2 , 0.4 mM ZnSO 4 , 0.2 mM CuSO 4 , 10 mM Fe-EDTA, and 1 mM (NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 24 .…”

A VIT‐like transporter facilitates iron transport into nodule symbiosomes for nitrogen fixation in soybean

“…However, the physiological role of DMT1 in nodules needs to be studied in more detail (Brear et al , 2013; Rodríguez‐Haas et al , 2013; González‐Guerrero et al , 2014). Beyond the NRAMP family of Fe/micronutrient transporters, members of other metal transporter families, such as the YSL, Vacuolar Iron Transporter (VIT), and Zrt‐, Irt‐like Protein transporter families might also transport Fe into the symbiosome (Moreau et al , 2002; Hakoyama et al , 2012; Brear et al , 2013; Qin et al , 2017), though any functions for these transporters in nodulation and N fixation remain to be determined.…”

Cloning and Characterization of TpNRAMP3, a Metal Transporter From Polish Wheat (Triticum polonicum L.)

“…To date, numerous plant NRAMPs have been characterized from different plant species ( Thomine et al, 2000 ; Nevo and Nelson, 2006 ; Sasaki et al, 2012 ; Tejada-Jiménez et al, 2015 ; Qin et al, 2017 ; Gao et al, 2018 ). For Arabidopsis , five of six NRAMP genes have been functionally identified.…”

“…Some NRAMP genes have also been identified from other plant species, such as GmNRAMPs from soybean ( Kaiser et al, 2003 ; Qin et al, 2017 ), MbNRAMP1 from Malus baccata ( Xiao et al, 2008 ), NtNRAMP5 from tobacco ( Tang et al, 2017 ), TjNRAMP4 from Thlaspi japonicum ( Mizuno et al, 2005 ), and MtNRAMP1 from Medicago truncatula ( Tejada-Jiménez et al, 2015 ). Most of their metal transport properties were functionally identified in yeast; only MtNRAMP1 was characterized as a Fe uptake protein in M. truncatula ( Tejada-Jiménez et al, 2015 ).…”