Genome Wide Expression Analysis of the Effect of the Chinese Patent Medicine Zilongjin Tablet on Four Human Lung Carcinoma Cell Lines

Zhang, Ping; Wang, Xin; Xiong, Songjin; Wen, Su; Gao, Song; Wang, Lei; Cao, Bihua

doi:10.1002/ptr.3445

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Microarray based gene expression analysis of four different lung cancer cell lines treated by Zilongjin showed that 170 genes were upregulated and 313 were downregulated by the drug. Of these 483 genes, eleven genes including HELLS , JUN , XIAP , MCM6 , CDKN2C , CCNE2 , HN1L , TFDP2 , CCNG2 , GADD45A , and CDKN1A were found to be involved in cancer-related pathways such as apoptosis, cell cycle, and MAPK cascade [96]. …”

Section: Traditional Chinese Medicines (Tcms) As Anti-cancer Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Effectiveness of Natural Compound Mixtures in Cancer through Their Molecular Mode of Action

Aung

Kortschak

et al. 2017

IJMS

260

149

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Many approaches to cancer management are often ineffective due to adverse reactions, drug resistance, or inadequate target specificity of single anti-cancer agents. In contrast, a combinatorial approach with the application of two or more anti-cancer agents at their respective effective dosages can achieve a synergistic effect that boosts cytotoxicity to cancer cells. In cancer, aberrant apoptotic pathways allow cells that should be killed to survive with genetic abnormalities, leading to cancer progression. Mutations in apoptotic mechanism arising during the treatment of cancer through cancer progression can consequently lead to chemoresistance. Natural compound mixtures that are believed to have multiple specific targets with minimal acceptable side-effects are now of interest to many researchers due to their cytotoxic and chemosensitizing activities. Synergistic interactions within a drug mixture enhance the search for potential molecular targets in cancer cells. Nonetheless, biased/flawed scientific evidence from natural products can suggest false positive therapeutic benefits during drug screening. In this review, we have taken these factors into consideration when discussing the evidence for these compounds and their synergistic therapeutic benefits in cancer. While there is limited evidence for clinical efficacy for these mixtures, in vitro data suggest that these preparations merit further investigation, both in vitro and in vivo.

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Section: Traditional Chinese Medicines (Tcms) As Anti-cancer Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Effectiveness of Natural Compound Mixtures in Cancer through Their Molecular Mode of Action

Aung

Kortschak

et al. 2017

IJMS

260

149

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“…Rigorous and systematic evaluations are, however, necessary to establish the efficacy of herbal formulas and transform traditional herbal practices into sciencebased medicines. [13][14][15][16][17] In the present article, we evaluated the anticancer activity of Ke formula, which has been shown to be effective in the clinic. The crude formula used in this study followed TCM treatment principles based on syndrome differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Herbal Formula Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Association With Suppressing the PI3K/AKT Pathway in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells

et al. 2013

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Aim of the study. In recent years, the incidence of lung cancer, as well as the mortality rate from this disease, has increased. Moreover, because of acquired drug resistance and adverse side effects, the effectiveness of current therapeutics used for the treatment of lung cancer has decreased significantly. Chinese medicine has been shown to have significant antitumor effects and is increasingly being used for the treatment of cancer. However, as the mechanisms of action for many Chinese medicines are undefined, the application of Chinese medicine for the treatment of cancer is limited. The formula tested has been used clinically by the China National Traditional Chinese Medicine Master, Professor Zhonging Zhou for treatment of cancer. In this article, we examine the efficacy of Ke formula in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and elucidate its mechanism of action. Methods. A Balb/c nude mouse xenograft model using A549 cells was previously established. The mice were randomly divided into normal, mock, Ke, cisplatin (DDP), and co-formulated (Ke + DDP) groups. After 15 days of drug administration, the animals were sacrificed, body weight and tumor volume were recorded, and the tumor-inhibiting rate was calculated. A cancer pathway finder polymerase chain reaction array was used to monitor the expression of 88 genes in tumor tissue samples. The potential antiproliferation mechanism was also investigated by Western blot analysis. Results. Ke formula minimized chemotherapy-related weight loss in tumor-bearing mice without exhibiting distinct toxicity. Ke formula also inhibited tumor growth, which was associated with the downregulation of genes in the PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and WNT/β-catenin pathways. The results from Western blot analyses further indicated that Ke blocked the cell cycle progression at the G1/S phase and induced apoptosis mainly via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion. Ke formula inhibits tumor growth in an A549 xenograft mouse model with no obvious side effects. Moreover, Ke exhibits synergistic antitumor effects when combined with DDP. The mechanism of action of Ke is to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway. Further research will be required to determine the mechanism of action behind the synergistic effect of Ke and DDP.

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“…Typically they would include those that have been used for decades or hundreds of years and still nationally or very widely used in China or other countries. Many patent drugs [40, 41] and classical formulas will fall into this group. We suggest including in category 1 also new CHM formulas that have already been evaluated in randomized controlled trials.…”

Section: Chms Vary In Certainty Of Their Safety and Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaption and Application of the Four Phase Trials to Traditional Chinese Medicines

Tang

2013

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Four phases of trial are widely used in testing drugs, surgery, and diagnosis in Western medicine (WM). The staged testing process helps protect patients from unnecessary harms and control costs while assessing safety and efficacy. In this paper we adapt the four phase trials for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). As TCM has been used in humans for thousands of years and there has been good preliminary clinical evidence on safety and efficacy for many of its therapies, in most cases its evaluation can start directly in humans, and preclinical laboratory research can be conducted in phase 4 trials after the efficacy is firmly demonstrated. Furthermore, unlike investigational drugs, TCM therapies are various in the certainty of their safety and efficacy and thus should not enter the evaluation process at the same stage. Unlike in WM, clarifying and refining PICO (patients, intervention, comparator, and outcome) are an important part of evaluation of newly designed TCM therapies. The incommensurability between WM and TCM causes additional difficulties in TCM trials regarding defining and choosing PICO, for which some suggestions are made. Observational studies seem to have a greater role in evaluation for TCM although the efficacy must be confirmed with randomized trials.

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Genome Wide Expression Analysis of the Effect of the Chinese Patent Medicine Zilongjin Tablet on Four Human Lung Carcinoma Cell Lines

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Understanding the Effectiveness of Natural Compound Mixtures in Cancer through Their Molecular Mode of Action

Understanding the Effectiveness of Natural Compound Mixtures in Cancer through Their Molecular Mode of Action

A Novel Herbal Formula Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Association With Suppressing the PI3K/AKT Pathway in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells

Adaption and Application of the Four Phase Trials to Traditional Chinese Medicines

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