Genome-wide association study for single nucleotide polymorphism associated with mural and cumulus granulosa cells of PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) and non-PCOS patients

Abstract

Background The genetic make-up of local granulosa cells and their function in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is crucial to a full comprehension of the disorder. The major purpose of this study was to compare the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of cumulus granulosa cells (CGCs) and mural granulosa cells (MGCs) between healthy individuals and women with PCOS using genome-wide association analysis (GWA). A case–control study was conducted in a total of 24 women diagnosed with PCOS and 24 healthy non-PCOS women of reproductive age aggregated into 4 samples of 6 patients each. GWA studies entail several processes, such as cell separation, cellular DNA extraction, library preparation followed by interpretation using bioinformatics databases. SNP locations were identified by reference gene also involves the use of Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) (MALDI-TOF-MS) for the first sorting. Hybridization with the gene chip was followed by reading the SNP genotypes according to the publications in the literature. TASSEL (Trait Analysis by aSSociation, Evolution and Linkage) program and methods were used for GWA studies. Results An aggregate of 21,039 SNP calls were obtained from our samples. Genes of autoimmune illnesses, obesity, inflammatory illnesses, nervous system diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa, autism, neural tube defects, and Alzheimer's disease; and various malignancies such as lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer were also identified in these cells. Gene ranking score reveals that granulosa cells carry key genes of neurological system and reproductive systems especially in brain and testis, respectively. Conclusions Mural and Cumulus Granulosa cells were shown to have the PCOS directly and indirectly related genes MMP9, PRKAA2, COMT and HP. We found that the expression of ARID4B, MUC5AC, NID2, CREBBP, GNB1, KIF2C, COL18A1, and HNRNPC by these cells may contribute to PCOS. Graphical abstract

Protein Expression and Bioinformatics Study of Granulosa Cells of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Expressed Under the Influence of DHEA

“…GCs were extracted from follicular aspirates following the standard procedure reported previously. 31,32 In brief, after oocyte extraction from COCs, the cumulus aggregate was meticulously removed using a hypodermic syringe. The residual fluid and cellular mixture were added into the test tubes at this stage.…”

The Role of Irisin throughout Women’s Life Span

“…Furthermore, up to 80% of PCOS women exhibit IR, which is independent of BMI and plays an important role in the clinical presentation and development of several metabolic alterations [43]. Genome-wide association studies of single-nucleotide polymorphisms showed that granulosa cells of PCOS patients expressed genes linked to insulin resistance, including protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2, matrix metallopeptidase 9, and haptoglobin [44]. As reported above, many studies have shown that irisin improves IR through several mechanisms, including increasing insulin receptor sensitization in skele-tal muscle and heart, improving hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism and the functions of pancreatic β cells, and promoting the transformation of WAT into BAT [45].…”