Genome-Wide Association Study for Milk Fatty Acids in Holstein Cattle Accounting for the DGAT1 Gene Effect

Cruz, Valdecy Aparecida Rocha da; Oliveira, Hinayah Rojas de; Brito, Luiz F.; Fleming, Allison; Larmer, Steven; Miglior, F.; Schenkel, F.S.

doi:10.3390/ani9110997

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Important contributions were found on BTA14. This chromosome is well known to have a substantial number of QTL for milk and fat production traits (Viitala et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2013), including DGAT1, a gene involved in the last step of the synthesis of triacylglycerol and that has a major effect on milk fat content (Grisart, 2002;Cruz et al, 2019). Despite its importance, DGAT1 was not found in this study because of the absence of markers located in its proximity.…”

Section: Gwas and Functional Analysesmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Genomic analyses for predicted milk fatty acid composition throughout lactation in North American Holstein cattle

Freitas

Oliveira

Silva

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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Milk fat composition has important implications in the nutritional and processing properties of milk. Additionally, milk fat composition is associated with cow physiological and health status. The main objectives of this study were (1) to estimate genetic parameters for 5 milk fatty acid (FA) groups (i.e., short-chain, medium-chain, long-chain, saturated, and unsaturated) predicted from milk infrared spectra using a large data set; (2) to predict genomic breeding values using a longitudinal single-step genomic BLUP approach; and(3) to conduct a single-step GWAS aiming to identify genomic regions, candidate genes, and metabolic pathways associated with milk FA, and consequently, to understand the underlying biology of these traits. We used 629,769 test-day records of 201,465 first-parity Holstein cows from 6,105 herds. A total of 8,865 genotyped (Illumina BovineSNP50K BeadChip, Illumina, San Diego, CA) animals were considered for the genomic analyses. The average daily heritability ranged from 0.24 (unsaturated FA) to 0.47 (medium-chain and saturated FA). The reliability of the genomic breeding values ranged from 0.56 (long-chain fatty acid) to 0.74 (medium-chain fatty acid) when using the default τ and ω scaling parameters, whereas it ranged from 0.58 (long-chain fatty acid) to 0.73 (short-chain fatty acid) when using the optimal τ and ω values (i.e., τ = 1.5 and ω = 0.6), as defined in a previous study in the same population. Relevant chromosomal regions were identified in Bos taurus autosomes 5 and 14. The proportion of the variance explained by 20 adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms ranged from 0.71% (saturated FA) to 15.12% (long-chain FA). Important candidate genes and pathways were also identified. In summary, our results contribute to a better understanding of the genetic architecture of predicted milk FA in dairy cattle and reinforce the relevance of using genomic information for genetic analyses of these traits.

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Section: Gwas and Functional Analysesmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…However, the peak observed at the beginning of BTA14 is likely in high linkage disequilibrium with markers located in DGAT1. In fact, conducting a GWAS for milk FA in the same population, Cruz et al (2019) identified DGAT1 when using the previous reference genome.…”

Section: Gwas and Functional Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic analyses for predicted milk fatty acid composition throughout lactation in North American Holstein cattle

Freitas

Oliveira

Silva

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…It was described that the FA synthesized de novo have moderate to high heritability estimates, while those transferred from blood are characterized by low to moderate heritability estimates as their content depends also on non-genetic factors such as feeding [8]. Moreover, fatty acids present high variability mostly because of the DGAT1 gene [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of SNPs in ACACA, SCD1, and DGAT1 Genes on Fatty Acid Profile in Bovine Milk with Regard to Lactation Phases

Kęsek-Woźniak

Wojtas

Zielak-Steciwko

2020

Animals

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Milk fat is a dietary source of fatty acids (FA), which can be health promoting or can increase risks of some diseases. FA profile composition depends on many factors, among them gene polymorphism. This study analyzed the relation between polymorphism of acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACACA), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) genes with FA profile in milk from Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle and determined changes of FA percentage during lactation with regard to polymorphism. Milk samples were collected twice: during the first phase of lactation (<90 Days in milk; DIM) and at the end of lactation (>210 DIM). During the first milk collection, blood samples were taken to analyze three chosen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): AJ312201.1g.1488C > G SNP in ACACA gene, A293V SNP in SCD1 gene, and K232A SNP in DGAT1 gene. Increased concentration of FA that are less beneficial for human health and have lower concentration of healthy FA in homozygotes: GG in ACACA, VV in SCD1, and KK in DGAT1 were observed, as well as a strong influence of the analyzed genes on FA with 18C atoms was also found. Moreover, it was demonstrated that lactation phase significantly affected FA percentage in milk depending on the phenotype. These results may contribute their part to knowledge toward obtaining more beneficial milk composition.

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“…However, to the best of our knowledge, genetic variations that affect human milk fat content were not reported to date. In contrast, owing to the high economic importance of fat contents in dairy products, this topic was characterized in depth in dairy animals [12,[89][90][91][92][93][94][95]. The diacylglycerol o-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) gene encodes for one of the enzymes that covalently attaches diacylglycerol to long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs to form triglycerides [96], which are the major fat type present in milk.…”

Section: Fat Percentage In Human Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Physiological Factors Affecting Human Milk Production and Composition

Golan

Assaraf

2020

Nutrients

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Human milk is considered the optimal nutrition for infants as it provides additional attributes other than nutritional support for the infant and contributes to the mother’s health as well. Although breastfeeding is the most natural modality to feed infants, nowadays, many mothers complain about breastfeeding difficulties. In addition to environmental factors that may influence lactation outcomes including maternal nutrition status, partner’s support, stress, and latching ability of the infant, intrinsic factors such as maternal genetics may also affect the quantitative production and qualitative content of human milk. These genetic factors, which may largely affect the infant’s growth and development, as well as the mother’s breastfeeding experience, are the subject of the present review. We specifically describe genetic variations that were shown to affect quantitative human milk supply and/or its qualitative content. We further discuss possible implications and methods for diagnosis as well as treatment modalities. Although cases of nutrient-deficient human milk are considered rare, in some ethnic groups, genetic variations that affect human milk content are more abundant, and they should receive greater attention for diagnosis and treatment when necessary. From a future perspective, early genetic diagnosis should be directed to target and treat breastfeeding difficulties in real time.

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Genome-Wide Association Study for Milk Fatty Acids in Holstein Cattle Accounting for the DGAT1 Gene Effect

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

Genomic analyses for predicted milk fatty acid composition throughout lactation in North American Holstein cattle

Genomic analyses for predicted milk fatty acid composition throughout lactation in North American Holstein cattle

Impact of SNPs in ACACA, SCD1, and DGAT1 Genes on Fatty Acid Profile in Bovine Milk with Regard to Lactation Phases

Genetic and Physiological Factors Affecting Human Milk Production and Composition

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