Genome‐wide analysis of mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase gene family expression in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in sugarcane

Abstract

To systematically analyze mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase gene families and their expression profiles in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids; Sh) under diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, we identified 15 ShMAPKs, 6 ShMAPKKs and 16 ShMAPKKKs genes in the sugarcane cultivar R570 genome. These were also confirmed in one S. spontaneum genome and two transcriptome datasets of sugarcane trigged by Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae (Aaa) and Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) infections. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that four subgroups were present in each ShMAPK and ShMAPKK family and three sub-families (RAF, MEKK and ZIK) presented in the ShMAPKKK family. Conserved protein motif and gene structure analyses supported the evolutionary relationships of the three families inferred from the phylogenetic analysis. All of the ShMAPK, ShMAPKK and ShMAPKKK genes identified in Saccharum spp. R570 were distributed on chromosomes 1-7 and 9-10. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses indicated that ShMAPK07 and ShMAPKKK02 were defense-responsive genes in sugarcane challenged by both Aaa and Xa stimuli, while some genes were upregulated specifically by Aaa and Xa infection. Additionally, ShMAPK05 acted as a negative regulator under drought and salinity stress, but served as a positive regulator under salicylic acid (SA) treatment. ShMAPK07 plays a positive role under drought stress, but a negative role under SA treatment. ShMAPKKK01 was negatively modulated by both salinity stress and SA treatment, whereas ShMAPKKK06 was positively regulated by both of the two stress stimuli. Our results suggest that members of MAPK cascade gene families regulate adverse stress responses through multiple signal transduction pathways in sugarcane.

Determination of morpho-physiological and yield traits of maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.) under optimal and drought stress conditions

“…Due to the wide range of genetic variations among the various accessions of maize, it serves as a model organism for genetic research ( Strable and Scanlon, 2009 ; Afzal et al, 2020 ; Ali et al, 2021 ; Bahar et al, 2021 ; Mahmood et al, 2021 ; Abbas et al, 2022 ). During the previous century, conventional breeding was highly effective at increasing the yield potential of crops, and this was largely accomplished with little knowledge of the factors controlling the genetic variability exploited by breeders, particularly for abiotic tolerance ( Collins et al, 2008 ).…”

Genetic identification of SNP markers and candidate genes associated with sugarcane smut resistance using BSR-Seq

“…A cotton Raf-like MAP3K gene, GhMAP3K65 , enhanced the sensitivity to pathogen infection and heat stress by negatively modulating growth and development in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana ( Zhai et al., 2017 ). Ali et al. (2021) identified 15 ShMAPKs , 6 ShMAPKKs , and 16 ShMAPKKKs genes from the genome of cultivar R570, of which ShMAPK07 and ShMAPKKK02 were defense-responsive genes when sugarcane plants were challenged by both Acidovorax avenae subsp.…”

Comparative de novo transcriptome analysis identifies salinity stress responsive genes and metabolic pathways in sugarcane and its wild relative Erianthus arundinaceus [Retzius] Jeswiet

“…A total of 15 mitogen-activated kinases (MAPKs), five mitogen-activated kinase kinase (MAPKKs) and 16 mitogen-activated kinase kinase kinase (MAP3Ks) were regulating the biotic and abiotic stresses in sugarcane commercial varieties ( Saccharum spp . hybrids) 61 . In our study, ABA signalling genes viz ., MAP3K1 (log 2 FC = 8.04), and protein phosphatase-2C (PP2C) (log 2 FC = 7.54) were highly enriched in IND99-907.…”