Genome-Wide Analysis of MIKCC-Type MADS Box Genes in Grapevine    

Abstract

MIKC C -type MADS box genes encode transcription factors that play crucial roles in plant growth and development. Analysis of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera) genome revealed up to 38 MIKC C -type genes. We report here a complete analysis of this gene family regarding their phylogenetic relationships with homologous genes identified in other sequenced dicot genomes, their genome location, and gene structure and expression. The grapevine genes cluster in 13 subfamilies with their Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and poplar (Populus trichocarpa) counterparts. The lack of recent whole genome duplications in grapevine allows assigning the gene diversification processes observed within each subfamily either to an ancestral polyploidization event predating the divergence of those three species or to later duplication events within each lineage. Expression profiles of MIKC C -type genes in vegetative and reproductive organs as well as during flower and tendril development show conserved expression domains for specific subfamilies but also reflect characteristic features of grapevine development. Expression analyses in latent buds and during flower development reveal common features previously described in other plant systems as well as possible new roles for members of some subfamilies during flowering transition. The analysis of MIKC C -type genes in grapevine helps in understanding the origin of gene diversification within each subfamily and provides the basis for functional analyses to uncover the role of these MADS box genes in grapevine development.

Characterization of an Early Berry Development Grapevine Somatic Variant (Vitis labrusca L. cv. Isabel Precoce)

“…Genome-wide expression analyses of MIKC C -type MADS Box genes during grapevine development suggested the recruitment of specific genes to regulate the development of specific grapevine organs, such as tendrils and berry fruits [50]. Therefore, gene expression profiles of seven MIKC C -type subfamily members were investigated: VvBS, VvSEP, VvAG, VvAGL15, VvAGL17.1, VvPI and VvAP3.…”

“…In total, nine genes were evaluated in five representative stages of berry development during the growing season of 2008/2009. These genes were chosen because they are related to the establishment of the identity of floral meristems and were also identified during fruit development without a defined function [50]. For this analysis, VvMYBPA1 and VvExpansin genes were used as internal references, since their expression profiles are known to be upregulated at early and late stages of fruit development, respectively [4] [13] (and Figure 3).…”

Mechanisms of vegetative propagation in bulbs : a molecular approach

“…apical dominance); and environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, photoperiod, light quality, and nutritional availability) (Bennett and Leyser 2006;Bihmidine et al 2013;Diaz-Riquelme et al 2009;Horvath et al 2003). Axillary bud outgrowth has been studied for long time in relation to apical dominance.…”

Marker assisted selection for seedlessness in table grape breeding

“…The seedless phenotype is determined by the presence of a dominant allele at SDI, which has been located on chromosome 18 (Cabezas et al 2006;Costantini et al 2008;Mejía et al 2007). In this region, the MADS-box gene VvAGL11 has been proposed as a candidate for SDI (Costantini et al 2008;Mejía et al 2011) because of its homology with genes of known function that are involved in ovule and seed development and its female flower carpel-specific expression (Díaz-Riquelme et al 2009). …”