Genome-Wide Analysis of <i>Mycoplasma dispar</i> Provides Insights into Putative Virulence Factors and Phylogenetic Relationships

Chen, Shengli; Hao, Hiroyuki; Yan, Xingcheng; Liu, Yongsheng; Chu, Yuefeng

doi:10.1534/g3.118.200941

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, a study by Timsit et al, 2018 identified a distinct metacommunity, which was characterized by an over-representation of M. dispar (and other commensal bacteria such as Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus casei) in the lungs of healthy feedlot cattle. While M. dispar has been shown to have a number of virulence factors for bovine epithelial cells and can have immunosuppressive effects, it is associated with only milder respiratory infections and is likely not a causative agent for BP [48,50,51]. In general, Mycoplasma has a high affinity for binding to respiratory epithelial cells via adhesin proteins [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

et al. 2020

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Background: Bacterial bronchopneumonia (BP) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle. The nasopharynx is generally accepted as the primary source of pathogenic bacteria that cause BP. However, it has recently been shown in humans that the oropharynx may act as the primary reservoir for pathogens that reach the lung. The objective was therefore to describe the bacterial microbiota present along the entire cattle respiratory tract to determine which upper respiratory tract (URT) niches may contribute the most to the composition of the lung microbiota. Methods: Seventeen upper and lower respiratory tract locations were sampled from 15 healthy feedlot steer calves. Samples were collected using a combination of swabs, protected specimen brushes, and saline washes. DNA was extracted from each sample and the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) was sequenced. Community composition, alphadiversity, and beta-diversity were compared among sampling locations. Results: Microbiota composition differed across sampling locations, with physiologically and anatomically distinct locations showing different relative abundances of 1137 observed sequence variants (SVs). An analysis of similarities showed that the lung was more similar to the nasopharynx (R-statistic = 0.091) than it was to the oropharynx (Rstatistic = 0.709) or any other URT sampling location. Five distinct metacommunities were identified across all samples after clustering at the genus level using Dirichlet multinomial mixtures. This included a metacommunity found primarily in the lung and nasopharynx that was dominated by Mycoplasma. Further clustering at the SV level showed a shared metacommunity between the lung and nasopharynx that was dominated by Mycoplasma dispar. Other metacommunities found in the nostrils, tonsils, and oral microbiotas were dominated by Moraxella, Fusobacterium, and Streptococcus, respectively. Conclusions: The nasopharyngeal bacterial microbiota is most similar to the lung bacterial microbiota in healthy cattle and therefore may serve as the primary source of bacteria to the lung. This finding indicates that the nasopharynx is likely the most important location that should be targeted when doing bovine respiratory microbiota research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

et al. 2020

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“…This bacterium has been previously isolated from the lungs of both healthy and pneumonic cattle [48][49][50]. immunosuppressive effects, it is associated with only milder respiratory infections and is likely not a causative agent for BP [48,50,51]. In general, Mycoplasma have a high affinity for binding to respiratory epithelial cells via adhesin proteins [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

McMullen

Alexander

Léguillette

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundBacterial bronchopneumonia (BP) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle. While the bacterial composition of the bovine upper respiratory tract (URT) has not been studied in detail, the nasopharynx is generally accepted as the primary source of pathogenic bacteria that cause BP.However, it has recently been shown in humans that the oropharynx may act as the primary reservoir for pathogens that reach the lung. The objective was therefore to describe the bacterial microbiota present along the entire cattle respiratory tract to determine which URT niches may contribute the most to the composition of the lung microbiota. MethodsSeventeen upper and lower respiratory tract locations were sampled from 15 healthy feedlot steer calves. Samples were collected using a combination of swabs, protected specimen brushes, and saline washes. DNA was extracted from each sample and the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) was sequenced.Community composition, alpha-diversity, and beta-diversity were compared among sampling locations. ResultsMicrobiota composition differed across sampling locations, with physiologically and anatomically distinct locations showing different relative abundances of 1,137 observed sequence variants (SVs).An analysis of similarities showed that the lung was more similar to the nasopharynx (R-statistic = 0.091) than it was to the oropharynx (R-statistic = 0.709) or any other URT sampling location. Five distinct metacommunities were identified across all samples after clustering at the genus level using Dirichlet multinomial mixtures. This included a metacommunity found primarily in the lung and nasopharynx that was dominated by Mycoplasma . Further clustering at the SV level showed a shared metacommunity between the lung and nasopharynx that was dominated by Mycoplasma dispar .Other metacommunities found in the nostrils, tonsils, and oral microbiotas were dominated by Moraxella , Fusobacterium , and Streptococcus , respectively.

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“…Interestingly, a study by Timsit et al, 2018 identified a distinct metacommunity which was characterized by an over-representation of M. dispar (and other commensal bacteria such as Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus casei) in the lungs of healthy feedlot cattle. While M. dispar has been shown to have a number of virulence factors for bovine epithelial cells and can have immunosuppressive effects, it is associated with only milder respiratory infections and is likely not a causative agent for BP [48,50,51]. In general, Mycoplasma have a high affinity for binding to respiratory epithelial cells via adhesin proteins [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

McMullen

Alexander

Léguillette

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Bacterial bronchopneumonia (BP) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle. The nasopharynx is generally accepted as the primary source of pathogenic bacteria that cause BP. However, it has recently been shown in humans that the oropharynx may act as the primary reservoir for pathogens that reach the lung. The objective was therefore to describe the bacterial microbiota present along the entire cattle respiratory tract to determine which upper respiratory tract (URT) niches may contribute the most to the composition of the lung microbiota. Methods Seventeen upper and lower respiratory tract locations were sampled from 15 healthy feedlot steer calves. Samples were collected using a combination of swabs, protected specimen brushes, and saline washes. DNA was extracted from each sample and the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) was sequenced. Community composition, alpha-diversity, and beta-diversity were compared among sampling locations. Results Microbiota composition differed across sampling locations, with physiologically and anatomically distinct locations showing different relative abundances of 1,137 observed sequence variants (SVs). An analysis of similarities showed that the lung was more similar to the nasopharynx (R-statistic = 0.091) than it was to the oropharynx (R-statistic = 0.709) or any other URT sampling location. Five distinct metacommunities were identified across all samples after clustering at the genus level using Dirichlet multinomial mixtures. This included a metacommunity found primarily in the lung and nasopharynx that was dominated by Mycoplasma . Further clustering at the SV level showed a shared metacommunity between the lung and nasopharynx that was dominated by Mycoplasma dispar . Other metacommunities found in the nostrils, tonsils, and oral microbiotas were dominated by Moraxella , Fusobacterium , and Streptococcus , respectively. Conclusions The nasopharyngeal bacterial microbiota is most similar to the lung bacterial microbiota in healthy cattle and therefore may serve as the primary source of bacteria to the lung. This finding indicates that the nasopharynx is likely the most important location that should be targeted when doing bovine respiratory microbiota research.

show abstract

Genome-Wide Analysis of Mycoplasma dispar Provides Insights into Putative Virulence Factors and Phylogenetic Relationships

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

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